Editing /etc/

{{Welcome}}

==Introduction==

Here we find system configuration files and scripts.

==Content ==

===Directories===

{|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px" 
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|'''Directory'''
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Description'''
|-
|'''[[/etc/autofs/]]'''||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=auto_master&sektion=5 automounter] configuration consists of the auto_master configuration file, which assigns filesystem paths to map names,	and maps, which	contain actual mount information.  The auto_master configuration file is      used by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=automount&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports automount(8)] command. Map files are read by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=automountd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports automountd(8)] daemon. It is possible to add custom special maps by adding them, as executable  maps named	special_foo, to	the ''/etc/autofs/'' directory.
|-
|/etc/bluetooth/|| bluetooth configuration files
|-
|/etc/'''[[conf.d]]'''||The [https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki//etc/conf.d /etc/conf.d directory] generally contains initscript configuration files. This directory becomes important when using OpenRC init system (which is enabled by default). 
|-
|/etc/cron.d||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?cron(8) cron] utility searches /var/cron/tabs for crontab files	which are named after accounts in /etc/passwd; crontabs found are loaded into memory.  The cron utility also searches for ''/etc/crontab'' and files in ''/etc/cron.d'' and ''/usr/local/etc/cron.d'' which are in	a different format  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crontab&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports (see crontab(5))]
|-
|/etc/defaults/  ||Default system configuration files. Refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc(8)] for details.
|-
|/etc/devd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?devd(8) devd] daemon provides a	way to have userland programs run when certain kernel events happen.
|-
|/etc/devd-openrc|| OpenRC implementation  into the [http://www.onlinedigeditions.com/publication/?i=431295&article_id=2853870&view=articleBrowser&ver=html5#{%22issue_id%22:431295,%22numpages%22:1,%22view%22:%22articleBrowser%22,%22publication_id%22:%2229305%22,%22article_id%22:%222853870%22} TrueOS base] 
|-
|/etc/dma||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dma&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports dma] is a small Mail Transport Agent (MTA),	designed for home and office use.  It accepts mails from locally installed Mail	User Agents (MUA) and  delivers the mails	either locally or to a remote destination.  Remote delivery includes several features like TLS/SSL support and SMTP authentification.
|-
|/etc/gss||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mech&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+7.1-RELEASE contains: /etc/gss/mech /etc/gss/qop]. The ''/etc/gss/mech'' file contains a list of installed GSS-API security mechanisms. The ''/etc/gss/qop'' file contains a list of Quality of Protection values for use with GSS-API.	
|-
|/etc/'''[[init.d]]'''||All scripts to run [[OpenRC]] on GhostBSD are located here. 
|-
|/etc/libmap.d||no content on GhostBSD
|-
|/etc/local.d||Content: 1 File READMY
|-
|/etc/mail/	   ||Configuration files for mail transport agents such as [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sendmail&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports sendmail(8)].
|-
|/etc/man.d||No content on GhostBSd
|-
|/etc/mtree/	   ||mtree configuration files; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mtree&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mtree(8)]
|-
|/etc/newsyslog.conf.d||The newsyslog utility should be scheduled to run periodically by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports cron(8)]. Each file	in this	directory will be included by	the default newsyslog.conf.
|-
|/etc/ntp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-ntp.html Network Time Protocol (NTP] is one way to provide clock accuracy in a network.
|-
|/etc/pam.d/	   ||configuration files for the Pluggable Authentication Modules	(PAM) library
|-
|/etc/periodic/  ||scripts that	are run	daily, weekly, and monthly, via [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports cron(8)]; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=periodic&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports periodic(8)]
|-
|/etc/'''[[Pkg|pkg]]'''||This directory contains one file: /etc/pkg/GhostBSD.conf, the configuration file 
to search for repositories.  Default: /etc/pkg/, /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/ 
|-
|/etc/ppp/	   ||ppp configuration files; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ppp&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ppp(8)]
|-
|/etc/'''[[Rc.conf.d|rc.conf.d]]'''||Content on GhostBSD only 1 file: /etc/rc.conf.d/vmware.conf
|-
|/etc/'''[[Rc.d|rc.d]]'''/	   ||system and daemon startup/control scripts; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc(8)]
|-
|/etc/runlevels||Content: /etc/runlevels/boot; /etc/runlevels/default; /etc/runlevels/nonetwork; /etc/runlevels/shutdown; /etc/runlevels/sysinit 
|-
|/etc/security/  ||OpenBSM audit configuration files; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=audit&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports audit(8)]

|-
|/etc/ssh/	   ||OpenSSH configuration files; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ssh(1)]
|-
|/etc/ssl/	   ||OpenSSL configuration files
|-
|/etc/sysctl.d||file: [[/etc/sysctl.d/README]]: Kernel system variables configuration files

Files found under the /etc/sysctl.d directory that end with .conf are
parsed within sysctl(8) at boot time.  If you want to set kernel variables
you can either edit /etc/sysctl.conf or make a new file.

The filename isn't important, but don't make it a package name as it may clash
with something the package builder needs later. The file name must end
with .conf, or it will not be read.

The recommended location for local system settings is /etc/sysctl.d/local.conf
but as long as you follow the rules for the name of the file, anything will
work. see the sysctl.conf(5) man page for details of the format.
|-
|/etc/syslog.d||content 3 files:
* /etc/syslog.d/ftp.conf; contains: ftp.info	/var/log/xferlog
* /etc/syslog.d/lpr.conf; contains: lpr.info	/var/log/lpd-errs
* /etc/syslog.d/ppp.conf; contains: !ppp*.*	/var/log/ppp.log
|-
|/etc/unbound||link to /var/unbound
|-
|/etc/X11||no content
|-
|/etc/zfs||no content
|-
!colspan="2"|'''Back to ''' [[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|50px|link=Directory Structure]]'''Directory Structure'''

|}

===Files===

{|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px" 
|-
! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|'''Files'''
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Description'''
|-
|/etc/aliases||link to mail/aliasses
|-
|/etc/amd.map||FreeBSD has the ability to automatically mount and unmount NFS filesystems upon demand through the automounter daemon, [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/amd/ amd(8)]. See its man page for details.
|-
|/etc/auto_master||The automounter configuration consists of the [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/auto_master/ auto_master] configuration file, which assigns filesystem paths to map names,	and maps, which	contain actual mount information and any direct maps that it references, and mounts or unmounts [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/autofs/ autofs(5)] filesystems to match.  The auto_master configuration file is used by the [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/automount/  automount(8)] command.	Map files are read by the  [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/automountd/ automountd(8)] daemon.
|-
|/etc/blacklistd.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=blacklistd.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports blacklistd.conf] files contains configuration lines for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=blacklistd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports blacklistd(8)]. It contains one entry per line, and is similar to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=inetd.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports inetd.conf(5)].  There must be an entry for each field of the configuration file,	with entries for each field separated by a tab or a space.
|-
|/etc/crontab||A [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crontab&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html crontab] file contains instructions to the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports cron(8)] daemon of the general form: ``run this command at this time on this date''.  Each user has  their own crontab, and commands in	any given crontab will be executed as the user who owns the crontab.  Uucp and News will	usually	have their own crontabs, eliminating the need for	explicitly running [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=su&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports su(1)] as part of a cron command.
|-
|/etc/csh.cshrc||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/csh/ C shell] with file name completion and command line editing. A  login  shell begins by executing commands from the system files /etc/csh.cshrc and /etc/csh.login
|-
|/etc/csh.login||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/csh/ C shell] with file name completion and command line editing
|-
|/etc/csh.logout||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/csh/ C shell] with file name completion and command line editing. When  a login shell terminates it sets the logout shell variable to normal' or `automatic' as appropriate, then executes commands from the files /etc/csh.logout and ~/.logout. 
|-
|/etc/ddb.conf||The ddb reads the ddb.conf for instuructions. The ddb utility configures certain	aspects	of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ddb(4)] kernel debugger from user space that are not configured at	compile-time or	easily via [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(8]) MIB entries.
|-
|/etc/'''[[Devd.conf|devd.conf]]'''||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd.conf&sektion=5&n=1 devd.conf] is a configuration file for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devd(8)].  A devd(8) (device state change daemon) configuration consists of two general features, statements and comments. All statements end with a semicolon.  Many statements can contain substatements, which are also	terminated with	a semicolon.
|-
|/etc/devd-openrc.conf||[https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/blob/master/README.md OpenRC] is a dependency-based init system that works with the system-provided init program, normally /sbin/init. Currently, it does not have an init program of its own. devd.conf is modified from FreeBSD to call /etc/rc.devd which is a generic hook into OpenRC.
|-
|/etc/devfs.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs.conf&sektion=5&n=1 devfs.conf] file provides an easy way to set ownership and permissions, or create links for	devices	available at boot. It does not work for devices plugged in and out after the system is up and running, e.g. USB devices.  See [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs.rules&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs.rules(5)] for setting ownership and permissions for all device nodes, and devd.conf(5) for	actions	to be    taken when	devices	are attached or	detached.
|-
|/etc/ devfs.rules||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs.rules&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs.rules] file provides an easy way to create and apply [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs(8)] rules, even for devices that are not available at boot. For devices available at boot, see [[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs.conf&sektion=5&n=1 devfs.conf(5)].
|-
|/etc/dhclient.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient.conf] file contains configuration information for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports dhclient(8)], the Internet Software	Consortium DHCP	Client.
|-
|/etc/dhcpcd.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhcpcd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhcpcd.conf] is a dhcpcd configuration fileAlthough dhcpcd can do everything from the	command	line, there are	cases where it's	just easier to do it once in a configuration file.  Most of the options found in [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhcpcd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports dhcpcd(8)] can	be used	here.  The first word on the     line is the option	and the	rest of	the line is the	value.	Leading	and      trailing whitespace for the option	and value are trimmed.	You can	escape      characters	in the value using the \ character.  Comments can be prefixed with the <nowiki>#</nowiki>character.  String values should be quoted with	the " character.
|-
|/etc/disktab||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=disktab&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Disktab] is a simple database which	describes disk geometries and disk    partition characteristics. It is used to initialize the disk label on  the disk. The format is patterned after the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=termcap&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports termcap(5)] terminal data  base.  Entries in disktab consist of a number of <nowiki>`:'</nowiki>-separated fields. The first field for each entry gives the names by which a disk's entry      may be selected, separated	by <nowiki>`|'</nowiki> characters.  The	last name given	should      be	a long name fully identifying the disk.
|-
|/etc/dumpdates||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/4/dumpdates/ /etc/dumpdates] file enables you to keep track of backups.
|-
|/etc/fbtab||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fbtab&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fbtab] file contains a number of lines specifying a device together  with a list of devices with associated protections.  Comments start with a `#' and extend to the end of the	line.
|-
|/etc/freebsd-update.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html freebsd-update.conf] file controls the behaviour of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=freebsd-update&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports     freebsd-update(8)] utility. The file contains lines consisting of a casesensitive option name and zero or more parameters. Empty lines and any part of a line following a `#' character are ignored.  Unless stated otherwise, specifying	an option multiple times is an error.
|-
|/etc/fstab|| The file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fstab&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fstab] contains descriptive information about the various file systems.  fstab is	only read by programs, and not written;	it is the duty    of	the system administrator to properly create and	maintain this file.  Each file system is described on a	separate line; fields on each line are separated by tabs or spaces.  The order of records	in fstab is important because [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fsck(8)], [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mount(8)], and [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=umount&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports umount(8)] sequentially iterate through fstab doing their thing. 
|-
|/etc/ftpusers||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftpusers&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ftpusers] file provides	user access control for	[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tnftpd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports tnftpd(8)] by defining which users may login.

|-
|/etc/gettytab||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/gettytab/ gettytab] is a terminal configuration data base. The gettytab file is a simplified version of the [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/termcap/ termcap(5)] data base used to describe terminal lines.

|-
|/etc/group||A group is a list of users. A group is identified by its group name and GID. In FreeBSD, the kernel uses the UID of a process, and the list of groups it belongs to, to determine what the process is allowed to do. Most of the time, the GID of a user or process usually means the first group in the list.

The group name to GID mapping is listed in /etc/group. This is a plain text file with four colon-delimited fields. The first field is the group name, the second is the encrypted password, the third the GID, and the fourth the comma-delimited list of members. For a more complete description of the syntax, refer to [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/group/ group(5)].

The superuser can modify /etc/group using a text editor. Alternatively, [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pw&apropos=0&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pw(8)] can be used to add and edit groups. See: [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/users-synopsis.html 3.3.3. Managing Groups]
|-
|/etc/hostid||Print the numeric identifier for the current host[https://www.unix.com/man-page/debian/1/hostid/]
|-
|/etc/hosts||The hosts file contains information regarding the known hosts on the network.  It can be used in conjunction with DNS, and the NIS maps `hosts.byaddr' and `hosts.byname', as controlled by [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/nsswitch.conf/ nsswitch.conf(5)].  For each host a single line should be present with the following information:
* Internet address
* official host name
* aliases
|-
|/etc/hosts.allow||This  document  describes optional extensions to the language described in the [https://linux.die.net/man/5/hosts_access hosts_access(5)] document. The extensions are enabled at program build time. For example, by editing the Makefile and turning on the PROCESS_OPTIONS compile-time option.
|-
|/etc/hosts.equiv||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/hosts.equiv/ hosts.equiv] and .rhosts files contain information regarding trusted hosts and users on the network.
|-
|/etc/hosts.lpd||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/hosts.lpd/ hosts.lpd] file contains a list of hostnames or IP addresses that are allowed to use your local print services.  List every hostname or IP address on a line itself.
|-
|/etc/hosts-e||see skript in [https://wiki.ubuntuusers.de/hosts/#IP-Adressen IP-Adressen umleiten]
|-
|/etc/inetd.conf||The [http://www.qnx.com/developers/docs/6.5.0/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.qnx.doc.neutrino_utilities%2Fi%2Finetd.conf.html /etc/inetd.conf] file is the default configuration file for the inetd (super-server) daemon. As shipped, this file describes all currently supported QNX Neutrino TCP/IP daemons and some nonstandard pidin services. Unless you want to add or remove daemon definitions, you don't need to modify this file. 
|-
|/etc/[https://gist.github.com/nileshgr/5990712 ipfw.rules]||set the firewall rules script; see also [[Firewall]]
|-
|/etc/libalias.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=libalias&sektion=3 libalias] library is a collection of functions for aliasing and	dealiasing of IP packets, intended for masquerading and network address translation (NAT).
|-
|/etc/libmap.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?libmap.conf libmap]functionality of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ld-elf.so.1&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ld-elf.so.1(1)] allows dynamic object dependencies to	be mapped to arbitrary names.

|-
|/etc/localtime||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tzsetup&sektion=8 tzsetup] utility reads a database of timezone information and presents a menu allowing the user to select	a specific zone	without	knowing	the      details of	the database layout.  The selected zone	is installed as	the system default zone.  The tzsetup utility also determines whether any adjustment is necessary for systems where the hardware clock	does not keep UTC. /etc/localtime is the current time	zone file.
|-
|/etc/locate.rc||Command script for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=updatedb&apropos=0&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html updatedb(8)]; locate(1) finds all files of a given name. For example, to find locate.rc , enter the following: 
 <nowiki>#</nowiki> locate locate.rc 
you get:
 /etc/locate.rc 
 /usr/share/examples/etc/locate.rc 
 /usr/src/usr.bin/locate/locate/locate.rc<br/>
You'll see that a file called locate.rc can be found in three places: in the main /etc directory, in the system examples directory, and in the system source code.
|-
|/etc/login.access||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=login.access&sektion=5&manpath=freebsd-release-ports login.access] file specifies (user, host) combinations and/or (user, tty) combinations for which a login will be either	accepted or refused.

|-
|/etc/login.conf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=login.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html login.conf] contains various attributes and	capabilities of	login classes. A login class (an optional	annotation against each	record in the user account database, /etc/master.passwd) determines session accounting,	re  source limits and user environment	settings.  It is used by various programs in the system to set	up a user's login environment and to enforce policy, accounting	and administrative restrictions.  It also provides the means by which users are able to be authenticated to the system and the types of authentication available.	 Attributes in addition	to the ones described here are	available with third-party packages.
|-
|/etc/login.conf.db||The system does not normally read the configuration in /etc/login.conf directly, but reads the database file /etc/login.conf.db which provides faster lookups. To generate /etc/login.conf.db from /etc/login.conf, execute the following command:<code># cap_mkdb /etc/login.conf</code>[http://oldes.tstu.ru/freebsd/pl/books/handbook/users-limiting.html]

|-
|/etc/mac.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mac.conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mac.conf file] configures the default label elements to	be used	by     policy-agnostic applications that operate on MAC labels.  A file contains      a series of default label sets specified by object	class, in addition to      blank lines and comments preceded by a `#'	symbol.

Currently,	the implementation supports two	syntax styles for label	element declaration.	The old	(deprecated) syntax consists of	a single line with two fields separated by white space: the object class	name, and a  list of label elements as used by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mac_prepare&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mac_prepare(3)] library calls	prior to an application invocation of a function from [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mac_get&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mac_get(3)].
|-
|/etc/mail.rc||Simply sending e-mails with mailx.md Set an External SMTP Server to Relay E-Mails[https://gist.github.com/ilkereroglu/aa6c868153d1c5d57cd8]
|-
|/etc/master.passwd||The passwd	files are the local source of password information. The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=master.passwd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html master.passwd] file is readable	only by	root, and consists of newline  separated records,	one per	user, containing ten colon (`:') separated fields.
|-
|/etc/motd||The file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=motd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html /etc/motd]is normally displayed by login(1) after	a user has logged in but before the shell is run.  It	is generally used for important system-wide announcements.  During system startup, a line containing the kernel	version	string is prepended to this file.
|-
|/etc/netconfig||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netconfig&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html netconfig] file	defines	a list of "transport names", describing	their semantics and protocol.  In FreeBSD, this file is only used by the	RPC library code.
|-
|/etc/netstart||[https://man.openbsd.org/netstart.8 netstart] is the command script that is invoked by [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/rc/ rc(8)] during an automatic reboot and after single-user mode is exited; it performs network initialization.
|-
|/etc/network.subr||This shell script isn't intended for human use; rather, other network configuration scripts use the subroutines defined herein to support common functions.Sourse:Absolute FreeBSD, 3rd Edition: The Complete Guide to FreeBSD, Michael W. Lucas.Verlag: No Starch Press; Auflage: 3rd (5. Oktober 2018)
|-
|/etc/networks||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=networks&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html networks] file contains	information regarding the known networks which  comprise the DARPA	Internet.  For each network a single line should be  present with the following	information:
* official network name
* network number
* aliases
|-
|/etc/newsyslog.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html newsyslog.conf] file is used to	set log	file rotation configuration for the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newsyslog&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports newsyslog(8)] utility.  Configuration may designate	that logs are     rotated based on size, last rotation time,	or time	of day.	
|-
|/etc/nscd.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nscd.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nscd.conf] file	is used	by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nscd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports nscd(8)] daemon and is read on its startup.  Its syntax is mostly similar to the nscd.conf syntax in Linux and Solaris.  It has some differences.
|-
|/etc/nsmb.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nsmb.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nsmb.conf file]contains information about the computers, users, and shares or mount points for the SMB	network	protocol.
|-
|/etc/nsswitch.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nsswitch.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nsswitch.conf] file specifies how the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nsdispatch&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports nsdispatch(3)] (name-service switch dispatcher)	routines in the	C library should operate.
|-
|/etc/ntp.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ntp.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ntp.conf] configuration	file is	read at	initial	startup	by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ntpd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ntpd(8)]  daemon in order to	specify	the synchronization sources, modes and other related information.  Usually, it is installed in the /etc	directory, but   could be installed	elsewhere (see the daemon's -c command line option).
|-
|/etc/'''[[OpenRC|openrc]]'''||[https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc OpenRC] is a dependency-based init system, the first process started during booting of the computer system. 
|-
|/etc/openrc.shutdown||[https://manpages.debian.org/testing/openrc/openrc-shutdown.8.en.html openrc-shutdown] is the utility that communicates with [https://manpages.debian.org/testing/openrc/openrc-init.8.en.html openrc-init(8)] to bring down the system or instruct openrc-init to re-execute itself.
|-
|/etc/opieaccess||The  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opieaccess&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opieaccess] file contains a list of networks that are considered trusted by the system as far as  security against passive attacks is concerned. 
|-
|/etc/opiekeys||The  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opiekeys&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiekeys]  file contains user information used by  the OPIE	software to authenticate users.
|-
|/etc/passwd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=passwd&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html passwd] files are the local source of password information.  They can be	used in	conjunction with the Hesiod domains `passwd' and `uid',	and the NIS maps `passwd.byname', `passwd.byuid', `master.passwd.byname', and `master.passwd.byuid', as controlled by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nsswitch.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports nsswitch.conf(5)].
|-
|/etc/pccard_ether||[https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/libexec/rc/pccard_ether pccard_ether] interfacename [start|stop|restart]
|-
|/etc/pf.os||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf.os&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pf.os] format of	the operating system fingerprints file. The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pf&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports pf(4)] firewall	and the	[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tcpdump&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports tcpdump(1)] program can both fingerprint	the operating system of hosts that originate an IPv4 TCP connection.
|-
|/etc/phones||The file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=phones&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html /etc/phones] contains the system-wide private phone numbers for the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tip&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports tip(1)]	program.  This file is normally	unreadable, and	so may contain     privileged	information.
|-
|/etc/pkgbase.setup||[https://wiki.freebsd.org/PkgBase PkgBase] comprises around 300 packages with the default build (empty src.conf(5) and make.conf(5)) for amd64. The number depends on several factors, but for most cases a runtime binary is split into several components.
|-
|/etc/portsnap.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=portsnap.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html portsnap.conf] file controls where portsnap(8) fetches ports tree snapshots from, which RSA key should be trusted to	sign the updates, and what directories should hold the compressed and live ports trees.
|-
|/etc/printcap||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=printcap&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Printcap] function is a	simplified version of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=termcap&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports termcap(5)] data base used to describe line printers.  The spooling system accesses the printcap file every time it is used, allowing dynamic addition and	
deletion of printers.	Each entry in the data base is used to describe	one printer.  
|-
|/etc/profile||All  users  who	have the shell as their	login command have the commands	in these files executed	as part	of their login sequence. [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=profile&apropos=0&sektion=4&manpath=SunOS+5.5.1&arch=default&format=html /etc/profile] allows the system administrator to	perform	 services  for the  entire user	community.  Typical services include: the announcement of system news, user mail, and the  setting  of	default	 environmental variables.   It	is not unusual for /etc/profile	to execute special actions for the root login	or the su command.
|-
|/etc/protocols||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=protocols&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html protocols] file	contains information regarding the known protocols used in the DARPA Internet.  For each protocol a single line should be
present with the following	information:
* official protocol name
* protocol number
* aliases
|-
|/etc/pwd.db||holds use account information
|-
|/etc/'''[[Rc|rc]]'''||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rc]  is a	command	interpreter and	programming language similar to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sh(1)].
It is based on the AT&T Plan 9 shell of the same	name.  The  shell  offers  a	C-like	syntax (much more so than the C	shell),	and a powerful mechanism for manipulating variables.  It is reasonably small and  reasonably fast, especially	when compared to contemporary shells.  Its use is intended to be interactive, but the language lends  itself  well  to scripts.
|-
|/etc/[https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/libexec/rc/rc.bsdextended rc.bsdextended]||Sample startup policy for the mac_bsdextended(4) security module.
Suck in the system configuration variables:

 if [ -z "${source_rc_confs_defined}" ]; then
        if [ -r /etc/defaults/rc.conf ]; then
                . /etc/defaults/rc.conf
                source_rc_confs
        elif [ -r /etc/rc.conf ]; then
                . /etc/rc.conf
        fi
 fi
|-
|/etc/'''[[rc.conf]]'''||The file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rc.conf] contains descriptive information about the local host name, configuration details for any potential network interfaces and
which services should be started up at system initial boot time.  In new installations, the	rc.conf	file is	generally initialized by the system installation utility.
|-
|/etc/'''[[Rc.conf.ghostbsd|rc.conf.ghostbsd]]'''||GhostBSD specific like the file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html /etc/rc.conf.local], is used to override settings in /etc/rc.conf for historical reasons.

|-
|/etc/'''[[Rc.devd|rc.devd]]'''||This file is part of OpenRC.[https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc/blob/master/etc/rc.devd]
|-
|/etc/rc.dynamicdiskless||[https://reviews.freebsd.org/D18578 OpenRC for FreeBSD]
|-
|/etc/rc.firewall||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.firewall&sektion=8 rc.firewall] script is used to configure rules for the kernel based firewall service.
|-
|/etc/rc.initdiskless||The post-boot initialization of an embedded FreeBSD system is controlled by [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/solid-state/ro-fs.html /etc/rc.initdiskless].
|-
|/etc/rc.resume|| If drivers can be properly loaded and unloaded, automate this by putting the appropriate commands in /etc/rc.suspend and [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/acpi-overview.html /etc/rc.resume]. 
|-
|/etc/rc.sendmail||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.sendmail&sektion=8&n=1 rc.sendmail] script is used by /etc/rc at boot time to start [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sendmail&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sendmail(8)].  It is meant to be sendmail(8) specific and not a generic script for	all MTAs.  It is only called by	/etc/rc	if the rc.conf(5) mta_start_script variable is set to /etc/rc.sendmail.

|-
|/etc/rc.shutdown||See [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.shutdown&apropos=0&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html#Operation Operation of	rc.shutdown] 
|-
|/etc/rc.subr||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.subr&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports functions used by system shell scripts]
|-
|/etc/rc.suspend||If drivers can be properly loaded and unloaded, automate this by putting the appropriate commands in [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/acpi-overview.html /etc/rc.suspend] and /etc/rc.resume.
|-
|/etc/regdomain.xml||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=regdomain&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE regdomain.xml] file describes regulations for the operation of IEEE   802.11 wireless radios.

|-
|/etc/remote||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=remote&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html remote] host description file
|-
|/etc/resolv.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=resolver&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE resolver(3)] is	a set of routines in the C library which provide ac     cess to the Internet Domain Name System.  The resolver configuration file contains information that is read by the resolver routines	the first time  they are invoked by a process.  The file is designed to be	human readable and contains a list of keywords with values that provide various types of resolver information.
|-
|/etc/rmt||Link to /usr/sbin/rmt
|-
|/etc/rpc||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rpc&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html rpc] file contains user	readable names that can	be used	in place of  RPC program numbers.  For each RPC	program	a single line should be      present with the following	information:
*  name of the RPC program
*  RPC program number
* aliases
|-
|/etc/services||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=services&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html services] file contains	information regarding the known	services available in the Internet. For each service a single line should be      present with the following information:
* official service name
* port	number
* protocol name
* aliases
|-
|/etc/shells||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=shells&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html shells] file contains a	list of	the shells on the system.  For each shell a single line should be present, consisting of the shell's path,      relative to root.
|-
|/etc/snmpd.config||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=snmpd.config&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html snmpd.conf] is the configuration file which  defines  how	 the  Net-SNMP SNMP  agent  operates.	These  files may contain any of	the directives found in	the DIRECTIVES section below.  This file is not	 required  for the agent to operate and	respond	to requests.
|-
|/etc/spwd.db||secure password database file [https://man.openbsd.org/pwd_mkdb]
|-
|/etc/sysctl.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html /etc/sysctl.conf] file is read in when the system goes into multi-user mode to set default settings for the kernel.  The /etc/sysctl.conf	is in
the format	of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE sysctl(8)] command, i.e. <code> sysctl_mib=value</code>
|-
|/etc/syslog.conf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslog.conf&apropos=0&sektion=5&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html syslog.conf] file is the configuration file for	the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=syslogd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE syslogd(8)] program.  It consists	of blocks of lines separated by	''program'' and ''hostname'' specifications (separations appear	alone on their lines), with each line      containing	two fields: the	''selector'' field which specifies the types of messages and priorities to	which the line applies,	and an ''action'' field   which specifies the action	to be taken if a message syslogd(8) receives  matches the selection criteria.  The ''selector'' field is separated from the  ''action'' field by one or more tab characters	or spaces.
|-
|/etc/termcap||Link to /usr/misc/termcap
|-
|/etc/termcap.small||[https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/share/termcap/termcap.small on GitHub]
|-
|/etc/ttys||The file [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ttys&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE&arch=default&format=html ttys] contains information	that is	used by	various	routines to    initialize	and control the	use of terminal	special	files.	This information is read with the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getttyent&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+10.0-RELEASE getttyent(3)]	library	routines. 
|-
!colspan="2"|'''Back to ''' [[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|50px|link=Directory Structure]]'''Directory Structure'''




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