Editing /sbin/
Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
The edit can be undone.
Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then save the changes below to finish undoing the edit.
Latest revision | Your text | ||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Welcome}} | {{Welcome}} | ||
− | + | {{maintenance}} | |
− | {{ | + | |
==Introduction== | ==Introduction== | ||
− | System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments. With other words: What works on | + | System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments. With other words: What works on your system. |
==Content== | ==Content== | ||
Line 11: | Line 10: | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px" | {|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px" | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | ! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|''' | + | ! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|'''Directory''' |
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Description''' | ! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Description''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |adjkerntz||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=adjkerntz&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html adjkerntz] utility maintains the proper relationship between the kernel clock, which is always set to UTC and the CMOS clock, which may be set to local time. | + | |/sbin/adjkerntz||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=adjkerntz&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html adjkerntz] utility maintains the proper relationship between the kernel clock, which is always set to UTC and the CMOS clock, which may be set to local time. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |bectl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bectl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Utility to manage boot environments on ZFS] | + | |/sbin/bectl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bectl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Utility to manage boot environments on ZFS] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |bsdlabel||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdlabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html read and write BSD label] | + | |/sbin/bsdlabel||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdlabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html read and write BSD label] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |camcontrol||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=camcontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html CAM control program] The camcontrol utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the FreeBSD CAM subsystem. | + | |/sbin/camcontrol||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=camcontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html CAM control program] The camcontrol utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the FreeBSD CAM subsystem. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ccdconfig||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ccdconfig&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ccdconfig] utility is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk devices, or ccds. For more information about the ccd, see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ccd&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ccd(4)]. | + | |/sbin/ccdconfig||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ccdconfig&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ccdconfig] utility is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk devices, or ccds. For more information about the ccd, see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ccd&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ccd(4)]. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |clri||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clri&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html clri] utility is obsoleted for normal file system repair work by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fsck(8)]. | + | |/sbin/clri||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clri&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html clri] utility is obsoleted for normal file system repair work by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fsck(8)]. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |comcontrol||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=comcontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html comcontrol] utility is used to examine and modify some of the special characteristics of the specified tty device. | + | |/sbin/comcontrol||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=comcontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html comcontrol] utility is used to examine and modify some of the special characteristics of the specified tty device. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |conscontrol||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=conscontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html conscontrol] utility is used to examine and modify the physical devices which back the virtual console devices. If no arguments (or only the list command) are specified, the current console settings are shown. | + | |/sbin/conscontrol||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=conscontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html conscontrol] utility is used to examine and modify the physical devices which back the virtual console devices. If no arguments (or only the list command) are specified, the current console settings are shown. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ddb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ddb] utility configures certain aspects of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ddb(4)] kernel debugger from user space that are not configured at compile-time or easily via [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(8)] MIB entries. | + | |/sbin/ddb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ddb] utility configures certain aspects of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ddb&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ddb(4)] kernel debugger from user space that are not configured at compile-time or easily via [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(8)] MIB entries. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |decryptcore|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=decryptcore&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html decryptcore] utility first decrypts keyfile using privatekeyfile and then uses the resulting key to decrypt encryptedcore saved by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=savecore&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports savecore(8).] The result is saved in core. | + | |/sbin/decryptcore|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=decryptcore&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html decryptcore] utility first decrypts keyfile using privatekeyfile and then uses the resulting key to decrypt encryptedcore saved by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=savecore&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports savecore(8).] The result is saved in core. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |devd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devd] daemon provides a way to have userland programs run when certain kernel events happen. | + | |/sbin/devd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devd] daemon provides a way to have userland programs run when certain kernel events happen. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |devfs||The devfs utility provides an interface to manipulate properties of | + | |/sbin/devfs||The devfs utility provides an interface to manipulate properties of |
[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs(5)] mounts. | [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs(5)] mounts. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |devmatch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devmatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devmatch] utility, without any arguments, prints all the kernel modules it has found for all the unattached, enabled devices in the system. | + | |/sbin/devmatch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devmatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devmatch] utility, without any arguments, prints all the kernel modules it has found for all the unattached, enabled devices in the system. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |dhclient||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient] utility provides a means for configuring network interfaces using DHCP, BOOTP, or if these protocols fail, by statically assigning an address. | + | |/sbin/dhclient||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient] utility provides a means for configuring network interfaces using DHCP, BOOTP, or if these protocols fail, by statically assigning an address. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |dhclient-script||The DHCP client network configuration script is invoked from time to time by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient(8)]. This script is used by the DHCP client to set each interface's initial configuration prior to requesting an address, to test the address once it has been offered, and to set the interface's final configuration once a lease has been acquired. If no lease is acquired, the script is used to test predefined leases, if any, and also called once if no valid lease can be identified. | + | |/sbin/dhclient-script||The DHCP client network configuration script is invoked from time to time by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient(8)]. This script is used by the DHCP client to set each interface's initial configuration prior to requesting an address, to test the address once it has been offered, and to set the interface's final configuration once a lease has been acquired. If no lease is acquired, the script is used to test predefined leases, if any, and also called once if no valid lease can be identified. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |dhcpcd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhcpcd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhcpcd] is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC 2131. dhcpcd gets the host information (IP address, routes, etc) from a DHCP server and configures the network interface of the machine on which it is running. | + | |/sbin/dhcpcd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhcpcd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhcpcd] is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC 2131. dhcpcd gets the host information (IP address, routes, etc) from a DHCP server and configures the network interface of the machine on which it is running. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |disklabel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=disklabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsdlabel] utility installs, examines or modifies the BSD label on a disk partition, or on a file containing a partition image. In addition, bsdlabel can install bootstrap code. | + | |/sbin/disklabel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=disklabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsdlabel] utility installs, examines or modifies the BSD label on a disk partition, or on a file containing a partition image. In addition, bsdlabel can install bootstrap code. |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/dmesg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dmesg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dmesg] utility displays the contents of the system message buffer. If the -M option is not specified, the buffer is read from the currently running kernel via the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(3)] interface. Otherwise, the buffer is read from the specified core file, using the name list from the specified kernel image (or from the default image). |
|- | |- | ||
− | |dump||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dump] utility examines files on a file system and determines which files need to be backed up. These files are copied to the given disk, tape or other storage medium for safe keeping (see the -f option below for doing remote backups). A dump that is larger than the output medium is broken into multiple volumes. On most media the size is determined by writing until an end-of-media indication is returned. This can be enforced by using the -a option. | + | |/sbin/dump||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dump] utility examines files on a file system and determines which files need to be backed up. These files are copied to the given disk, tape or other storage medium for safe keeping (see the -f option below for doing remote backups). A dump that is larger than the output medium is broken into multiple volumes. On most media the size is determined by writing until an end-of-media indication is returned. This can be enforced by using the -a option. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |dumpfs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpfs] utility prints out the UFS super block and cylinder group in formation for the file system or special device specified, unless the -f, -l or -m flag is specified. The listing is very long and detailed. This command is useful mostly for finding out certain file system information | + | |/sbin/dumpfs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpfs] utility prints out the UFS super block and cylinder group in formation for the file system or special device specified, unless the -f, -l or -m flag is specified. The listing is very long and detailed. This command is useful mostly for finding out certain file system information |
such as the file system block size and minimum free space percentage. | such as the file system block size and minimum free space percentage. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |dumpon||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpon&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpon] utility is used to configure where the kernel can save a crash dump in the case of a panic. | + | |/sbin/dumpon||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpon&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpon] utility is used to configure where the kernel can save a crash dump in the case of a panic. |
System administrators should typically configure dumpon in a persistent fashion using the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc.conf(5)] variables dumpdev and dumpon_flags. For more information on this usage, see rc.conf(5). | System administrators should typically configure dumpon in a persistent fashion using the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc.conf(5)] variables dumpdev and dumpon_flags. For more information on this usage, see rc.conf(5). | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |e2fsck||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=e2fsck&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html e2fsck] is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling, e2fsck will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock indicates that further checking is required. | + | |/sbin/e2fsck||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=e2fsck&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html e2fsck] is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling, e2fsck will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock indicates that further checking is required. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |etherswitchcfg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=etherswitchcfg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html etherswitchcfg] utility is used to configure an Ethernet switch built into the system. | + | |/sbin/etherswitchcfg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=etherswitchcfg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html etherswitchcfg] utility is used to configure an Ethernet switch built into the system. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fastboot||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fastboot&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fastboot] is a program used to manipulate (list, install, erase) the non-volatile memory such as flash filesystem partitions on devices that adhere to the fastboot protocol, via a USB connection from a host computer. | + | |/sbin/fastboot||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fastboot&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fastboot] is a program used to manipulate (list, install, erase) the non-volatile memory such as flash filesystem partitions on devices that adhere to the fastboot protocol, via a USB connection from a host computer. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fasthalt||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fasthalt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database. | + | |/sbin/fasthalt||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fasthalt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fdisk||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fdisk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fdisk] is a PC slice table maintenance utility | + | |/sbin/fdisk||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fdisk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fdisk] is a PC slice table maintenance utility |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ffsinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ffsinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ffsinfo] dumps all meta information of an existing ufs file system. | + | |/sbin/ffsinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ffsinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ffsinfo] dumps all meta information of an existing ufs file system. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports The fsck] utility invokes file system-specific programs to check the special devices listed in the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fstab&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fstab(5)] file or in the command line for consistency. | + | |/sbin/fsck||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports The fsck] utility invokes file system-specific programs to check the special devices listed in the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fstab&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fstab(5)] file or in the command line for consistency. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck_4.2bsd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] | + | |/sbin/fsck_4.2bsd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck_ext2fs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_ext2fs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsck_ext2fs] maps the traditional FreeBSD fsck_ffs options to options with the same functionality for e2fsck, runs e2fsck and then maps its exit status to values that FreeBSD understands. e2fsck is a utility to check and repair ext2 and ext3 file systems. | + | |/sbin/fsck_ext2fs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_ext2fs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsck_ext2fs] maps the traditional FreeBSD fsck_ffs options to options with the same functionality for e2fsck, runs e2fsck and then maps its exit status to values that FreeBSD understands. e2fsck is a utility to check and repair ext2 and ext3 file systems. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck_ffs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] | + | |/sbin/fsck_ffs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck_msdosfs|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_msdosfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsck_msdosfs] utility verifies and repairs FAT file systems (more commonly known as DOS file systems). See also [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount_msdosfs&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mount_msdosfs] | + | |/sbin/fsck_msdosfs|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_msdosfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsck_msdosfs] utility verifies and repairs FAT file systems (more commonly known as DOS file systems). See also [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount_msdosfs&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports mount_msdosfs] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsck_ufs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] | + | |/sbin/fsck_ufs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsck_4.2bsd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html man]; [https://github.com/freebsd/freebsd/blob/master/sbin/fsck_ffs/Makefile GitHub] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsdb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsdb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsdb] utility opens fsname (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. | + | |/sbin/fsdb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsdb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsdb] utility opens fsname (usually a raw disk partition) and runs a command loop allowing manipulation of the file system's inode data. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |fsirand||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsirand&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsirand] utility installs random generation numbers on all the inodes for each file system specified on the command line by special. This in creases the security of NFS-exported file systems by making it difficult | + | |/sbin/fsirand||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsirand&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsirand] utility installs random generation numbers on all the inodes for each file system specified on the command line by special. This in creases the security of NFS-exported file systems by making it difficult |
to ``guess'' filehandles. | to ``guess'' filehandles. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |gbde||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gbde&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gbde] is an operation and management utility for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Geom] Based Disk Encryption | + | |/sbin/gbde||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gbde&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gbde] is an operation and management utility for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Geom] Based Disk Encryption |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gcache||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/gcache/ gcache] utility is used to control [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html GEOM] cache, which can speed up read performance by sending fixed size read requests to its consumer. It has been developed to address the problem of a horrible read performance of a 64k blocksize FS residing on a RAID3 array with 8 data components, where a single disk component would only get 8k read requests, thus effectively killing disk performance under high load. | + | |/sbin/gcache||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/gcache/ gcache] utility is used to control [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html GEOM] cache, which can speed up read performance by sending fixed size read requests to its consumer. It has been developed to address the problem of a horrible read performance of a 64k blocksize FS residing on a RAID3 array with 8 data components, where a single disk component would only get 8k read requests, thus effectively killing disk performance under high load. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gconcat|| The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/gconcat/ gconcat] utility is used for device concatenation configuration. The concatenation can be configured using two different methods: ``manual'' or ``automatic''. When using the ``manual'' method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so the concatenated device has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The ``automatic'' method uses on-disk metadata to detect devices. Once devices are labeled, they will be automatically detected and configured. | + | |/sbin/gconcat|| The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/gconcat/ gconcat] utility is used for device concatenation configuration. The concatenation can be configured using two different methods: ``manual'' or ``automatic''. When using the ``manual'' method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so the concatenated device has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The ``automatic'' method uses on-disk metadata to detect devices. Once devices are labeled, they will be automatically detected and configured. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |geli||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/geli/ geli] is a control utility for the cryptographic GEOM class | + | |/sbin/geli||[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/geli/ geli] is a control utility for the cryptographic GEOM class |
|- | |- | ||
− | |geom||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/geom/ geom] utility is used to control various GEOM classes. | + | |/sbin/geom||The [https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/geom/ geom] utility is used to control various GEOM classes. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ggatec||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatec] utility is a network client for the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate class. It is responsible for the creation of ggate devices and forwarding I/O requests between the GEOM Gate kernel subsystem and the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggated&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ggated(8)] network daemon. | + | |/sbin/ggatec||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatec] utility is a network client for the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate class. It is responsible for the creation of ggate devices and forwarding I/O requests between the GEOM Gate kernel subsystem and the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggated&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ggated(8)] network daemon. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ggated||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggated&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports The ggated] utility is a network server for the GEOM Gate class. It runs on a server machine to service [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate requests from workers placed on a client machine. Keep in mind, that connections between [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatec(8)] and ggated are not encrypted. | + | |/sbin/ggated||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggated&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports The ggated] utility is a network server for the GEOM Gate class. It runs on a server machine to service [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate requests from workers placed on a client machine. Keep in mind, that connections between [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatec(8)] and ggated are not encrypted. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ggatel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatel] utility is a local [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate class consumer. It can be used as a replacement for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=md&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports md(4) memory disk] devices or as a "GEOMificator" for non GEOMaware devices, but it was mainly created as an example on how to use and how to communicate with the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html GEOM] Gate kernel subsystem. | + | |/sbin/ggatel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ggatel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ggatel] utility is a local [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GEOM GEOM] Gate class consumer. It can be used as a replacement for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=md&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports md(4) memory disk] devices or as a "GEOMificator" for non GEOMaware devices, but it was mainly created as an example on how to use and how to communicate with the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html GEOM] Gate kernel subsystem. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gjournal||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gjournal&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gjournal] utility is used for journal configuration on the given GEOM provider. | + | |/sbin/gjournal||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gjournal&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gjournal] utility is used for journal configuration on the given GEOM provider. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |glabel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=glabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html glabel] utility is used for GEOM provider labelization. A label can be set up on a GEOM provider in two ways: "manual" or "automatic". When using the "manual" method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so a | + | |/sbin/glabel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=glabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html glabel] utility is used for GEOM provider labelization. A label can be set up on a GEOM provider in two ways: "manual" or "automatic". When using the "manual" method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so a |
label has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The "automatic" method uses on-disk metadata to store the label and detect it automatically in the future. | label has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The "automatic" method uses on-disk metadata to store the label and detect it automatically in the future. | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |gmirror||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmirror&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmirror] utility is used for mirror (RAID1) configurations. After a mirror's creation, all components are detected and configured automatically. All operations like failure detection, stale component detection, rebuild of stale components, etc. are also done automatically. | + | |/sbin/gmirror||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmirror&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmirror] utility is used for mirror (RAID1) configurations. After a mirror's creation, all components are detected and configured automatically. All operations like failure detection, stale component detection, rebuild of stale components, etc. are also done automatically. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gmountver||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmountver&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmountver] utility is used to control the mount verification GEOM class. When configured, it passes all the I/O requests to the underlying provider. When the underlying provider disappears - for example because the disk device got disconnected - it queues all the I/O requests and waits for the provider to reappear. When that happens, it attaches to it and sends the queued requests. | + | |/sbin/gmountver||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmountver&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmountver] utility is used to control the mount verification GEOM class. When configured, it passes all the I/O requests to the underlying provider. When the underlying provider disappears - for example because the disk device got disconnected - it queues all the I/O requests and waits for the provider to reappear. When that happens, it attaches to it and sends the queued requests. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gmultipath||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmultipath&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmultipath] utility is used for device multipath configuration. | + | |/sbin/gmultipath||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gmultipath&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gmultipath] utility is used for device multipath configuration. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gnop||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gnop&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gnop] utility is used for setting up transparent providers on existing ones. Its main purpose is testing other GEOM classes, as it allows forced provider removal and I/O error simulation with a given probability. It also gathers statistics on the number of read, write, delete, getattr, flush, and other requests, and the number of bytes read and written. | + | |/sbin/gnop||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gnop&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gnop] utility is used for setting up transparent providers on existing ones. Its main purpose is testing other GEOM classes, as it allows forced provider removal and I/O error simulation with a given probability. It also gathers statistics on the number of read, write, delete, getattr, flush, and other requests, and the number of bytes read and written. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gpart||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports gpart] utility is used to partition GEOM providers, normally disks. | + | |/sbin/gpart||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports gpart] utility is used to partition GEOM providers, normally disks. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |graid||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=graid&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html graid] utility is used to manage software RAID configurations, sup ported by the GEOM RAID class. | + | |/sbin/graid||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=graid&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html graid] utility is used to manage software RAID configurations, sup ported by the GEOM RAID class. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |graid3|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=graid3&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html graid3 ] utility is used for RAID3 array configuration. After a device is created, all components are detected and configured automatically. | + | |/sbin/graid3|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=graid3&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html graid3 ] utility is used for RAID3 array configuration. After a device is created, all components are detected and configured automatically. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |growfs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=growfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html growfs] utility makes it possible to expand an UFS file system. Before running growfs the partition or slice containing the file system must be extended using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports gpart(8)]. | + | |/sbin/growfs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=growfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html growfs] utility makes it possible to expand an UFS file system. Before running growfs the partition or slice containing the file system must be extended using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports gpart(8)]. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gsched||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gsched&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gsched] utility (also callable as geom sched ...) changes the scheduling policy of the requests going to a provider. | + | |/sbin/gsched||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gsched&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gsched] utility (also callable as geom sched ...) changes the scheduling policy of the requests going to a provider. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gshsec||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gshsec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gshsec] utility is used for setting up a device which contains a shared secret. The secret is shared between the given providers. To collect the secret, all providers are needed. | + | |/sbin/gshsec||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gshsec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gshsec] utility is used for setting up a device which contains a shared secret. The secret is shared between the given providers. To collect the secret, all providers are needed. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gstripe||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstripe&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gstripe] utility is used for setting up a stripe on two or more disks. The striped device can be configured using two different methods: "manual" or "automatic". When using the "manual" method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so the striped device has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The "automatic" method uses on-disk metadata to detect devices. Once devices are labeled, they will be automatically detected and configured. | + | |/sbin/gstripe||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gstripe&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gstripe] utility is used for setting up a stripe on two or more disks. The striped device can be configured using two different methods: "manual" or "automatic". When using the "manual" method, no metadata are stored on the devices, so the striped device has to be configured by hand every time it is needed. The "automatic" method uses on-disk metadata to detect devices. Once devices are labeled, they will be automatically detected and configured. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gvinum||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvinum&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gvinum] utility is a Logical Volume Manager control program. | + | |/sbin/gvinum||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvinum&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gvinum] utility is a Logical Volume Manager control program. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |gvirstor||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvirstor&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gvirstor] utility is used for setting up a virtual storage device of arbitrary large size (for example, several TB), consisting of an arbitrary number of physical storage devices with the total size which is equal to or smaller than the virtual size. | + | |/sbin/gvirstor||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gvirstor&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gvirstor] utility is used for setting up a virtual storage device of arbitrary large size (for example, several TB), consisting of an arbitrary number of physical storage devices with the total size which is equal to or smaller than the virtual size. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |halt||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=halt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database | + | |/sbin/halt||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=halt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database |
|- | |- | ||
− | |hastctl|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html hastctl] utility is used to control the behaviour of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports hastd(8)] daemon. | + | |/sbin/hastctl|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html hastctl] utility is used to control the behaviour of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports hastd(8)] daemon. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |hastd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports hastd] daemon is responsible for managing highly available GEOM providers. hastd allows the transpaent storage of data on two physically separated machines connected over a TCP/IP network. Only one machine (cluster node) can actively use storage provided by hastd. This machine is called primary. The hastd daemon operates on block level, which makes it transparent to file systems and applications. | + | |/sbin/hastd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hastd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports hastd] daemon is responsible for managing highly available GEOM providers. hastd allows the transpaent storage of data on two physically separated machines connected over a TCP/IP network. Only one machine (cluster node) can actively use storage provided by hastd. This machine is called primary. The hastd daemon operates on block level, which makes it transparent to file systems and applications. |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ifconfig|| | + | |/sbin/ifconfig|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |init|| | + | |/sbin/init|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipf|| | + | |/sbin/ipf|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipfs|| | + | |/sbin/ipfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipfstat|| | + | |/sbin/ipfstat|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipfw|| | + | |/sbin/ipfw|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipmon|| | + | |/sbin/ipmon|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |ipnat|| | + | |/sbin/ipnat|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ippool|| | + | |/sbin/ippool|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |iscontrol|| | + | |/sbin/iscontrol|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |kldconfig|| | + | |/sbin/kldconfig|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/kldload|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | | |
+ | /sbin/kldstat|| | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/kldunload|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ldconfig|| | + | |/sbin/ldconfig|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |md5|| | + | |/sbin/md5|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mdconfig|| | + | |/sbin/mdconfig|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mdmfs|| | + | |/sbin/mdmfs|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |mknod|| | + | |/sbin/mknod|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mksnap_ffs|| | + | |/sbin/mksnap_ffs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount|| | + | |/sbin/mount|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_cd9660|| | + | |/sbin/mount_cd9660|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_fusefs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_fusefs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_mfs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_mfs|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_msdosfs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_msdosfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_nfs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_nfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_nullfs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_nullfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_udf|| | + | |/sbin/mount_udf|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |mount_unionfs|| | + | |/sbin/mount_unionfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |natd|| | + | |/sbin/natd|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |newfs|| | + | |/sbin/newfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |newfs_msdos|| | + | |/sbin/newfs_msdos|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |nextboot|| | + | |/sbin/nextboot|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |nfsiod|| | + | |/sbin/nfsiod|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |nologin|| | + | |/sbin/nologin|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |nos-tun|| | + | |/sbin/nos-tun|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |nvmecontrol|| | + | |/sbin/nvmecontrol|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/openrc|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |openrc-run|| | + | |/sbin/openrc-run|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |pfctl|| | + | |/sbin/pfctl|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |pflogd|| | + | |/sbin/pflogd|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ping|| | + | |/sbin/ping|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |ping6|| | + | |/sbin/ping6|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |poweroff|| | + | |/sbin/poweroff|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |quotacheck|| | + | |/sbin/quotacheck|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/rc|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/rc-service|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/rc-update|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rcorder|| | + | |/sbin/rcorder|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rdump|| | + | |/sbin/rdump|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |reboot||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=halt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database | + | |/sbin/reboot||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=halt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html halt and reboot] utilities flush the file system cache to disk, send all running processes a SIGTERM (and subsequently a SIGKILL) and, respectively, halt or restart the system. The action is logged, including entering a shutdown record into the user accounting database |
|- | |- | ||
− | |recoverdisk|| | + | |/sbin/recoverdisk|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |resolvconf|| | + | |/sbin/resolvconf|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |restore|| | + | |/sbin/restore|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rmd160|| | + | |/sbin/rmd160|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |route|| | + | |/sbin/route|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |routed|| | + | |/sbin/routed|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rrestore|| | + | |/sbin/rrestore|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rtquery|| | + | |/sbin/rtquery|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |rtsol|| | + | |/sbin/rtsol|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |runscript|| | + | |/sbin/runscript|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |savecore|| | + | |/sbin/savecore|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |setkey|| | + | |/sbin/setkey|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha1|| | + | |/sbin/sha1|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha224|| | + | |/sbin/sha224|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha256|| | + | |/sbin/sha256|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha384|| | + | |/sbin/sha384|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha512|| | + | |/sbin/sha512|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |sha512t256|| | + | |/sbin/sha512t256|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |shutdown|| | + | |/sbin/shutdown|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |skein256|| | + | |/sbin/skein256|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |skein512|| | + | |/sbin/skein512|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |skein1024|| | + | |/sbin/skein1024|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |spppcontrol|| | + | |/sbin/spppcontrol|| |
− | + | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |start-stop-daemon|| | + | |/sbin/start-stop-daemon|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |supervise-daemon|| | + | |/sbin/supervise-daemon|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |swapctl|| | + | |/sbin/swapctl|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |swapoff|| | + | |/sbin/swapoff|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |swapon|| | + | |/sbin/swapon|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |/sbin/sysctl||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl] utility retrieves kernel state and allows processes with appropriate privilege to set kernel state. The state to be retrieved or set is described using a "Management Information Base" ("MIB") style name, described as a dotted set of components. '''Example:'''<code>sysctl kern.osreldate</code> gives you the last kernel modification and the same result as <code>uname -U</code>. It is related to the FreeBSD release as a numerical output. See [https://www.leidinger.net/FreeBSD/dox/kern/html/d6/d10/kern__mib_8c_source.html kern.osreldate] |
|- | |- | ||
− | |tunefs|| | + | |/sbin/tunefs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |umount|| | + | |/sbin/umount|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |zfs|| | + | |/sbin/zfs|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |zfsbootcfg|| | + | |/sbin/zfsbootcfg|| |
|- | |- | ||
− | |zpool|| | + | |/sbin/zpool|| |
|- | |- | ||
!colspan="2"|'''Back to ''' [[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|50px|link=Directory Structure]]'''Directory Structure''' | !colspan="2"|'''Back to ''' [[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|50px|link=Directory Structure]]'''Directory Structure''' |