Difference between revisions of "Directory Structure"

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(Directory Structure)
(Directory Structure)
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At the first step we have to copy the Directory Structure from [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/dirstructure.html FreeBSD Handbook chapter: 3.5. Directory Structure] in the following table.
 
At the first step we have to copy the Directory Structure from [https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/dirstructure.html FreeBSD Handbook chapter: 3.5. Directory Structure] in the following table.
We use also [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hier&sektion=7&manpath=freebsd-release-ports hier(7). From here we will get deeper.
+
We use [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hier&sektion=7&manpath=freebsd-release-ports hier(7)] and compare this structure with the installed structure of GhostBSD on metal. From here we will get deeper.
  
 
{|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px"  
 
{|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px"  
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|Root directory of the file system.
 
|Root directory of the file system.
 
|-
 
|-
|/bin/
+
|[[/bin/]]
|User utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
+
|User utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments. Examples: cat; chflags; chmod; cp; csh; dd......
 
|-
 
|-
|/boot/
+
|[[/boot/]]
 
|Programs and configuration files used during operating system bootstrap.
 
|Programs and configuration files used during operating system bootstrap.
 
|-
 
|-
|/boot/defaults/
+
|   /boot/defaults/
|Default boot configuration files. Refer to loader.conf(5) for details.
+
|Default boot configuration files. Refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=loader.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports loader.conf(5)] for details.
 +
|-
 +
|/cdrom/
 +
|default mount point for CD-ROM drives
 +
|-
 +
|/compat/
 +
|normally a link to <code>/usr/compat</code>. If not, then the <code>/usr/compat</code> comments apply
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/dev/
 
|/dev/
|Device nodes. Refer to intro(4) for details.
+
|Device nodes. Refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=intro&sektion=4&manpath=freebsd-release-ports intro(4)] for details. Device special files managed by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs(5)]
 
|-
 
|-
|/etc/
+
|[[/etc/]]
 
|System configuration files and scripts.
 
|System configuration files and scripts.
 
|-
 
|-
|/etc/defaults/
+
|/home/
|Default system configuration files. Refer to rc(8) for details.
+
|is a link to <code>/usr/home</code>
 
|-
 
|-
|/etc/mail/
+
|/include/
|Configuration files for mail transport agents such as sendmail(8).
+
|new on GhostBSD without content
 
|-
 
|-
|/etc/periodic/
+
|/lib/
|Scripts that run daily, weekly, and monthly, via cron(8). Refer to periodic(8) for details.
+
|critical system libraries needed for binaries in <code>/bin</code> and <code>/sbin</code>
 
|-
 
|-
|/etc/ppp/
+
|/libdate/
|ppp(8) configuration files.
+
|new on GhostBSD without content
 +
|-
 +
|/libexec/
 +
|critical system utilities needed for binaries in /bin and <code>/sbin</code>
 +
|-
 +
|/man/
 +
|new on GhostBSD without content
 +
|-
 +
|/media/
 +
|contains subdirectories to be used as mount points for removable media such as CDs, USB drives, and floppy disks
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/mnt/
 
|/mnt/
 
|Empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point.
 
|Empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point.
 +
|-
 +
|/net/
 +
|automounted NFS shares; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=auto_master&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports auto_master(5)]
 +
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/proc/
 
|/proc/
|Process file system. Refer to procfs(5), mount_procfs(8) for details.
+
|Process file system. Refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procfs&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports procfs(5)], [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mount_procfs&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports mount_procfs(8)] for details.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/rescue/
 
|/rescue/
|Statically linked programs for emergency recovery as described in rescue(8).
+
|Statically linked programs for emergency recovery as described in [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rescue&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports rescue(8)].
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/root/
 
|/root/
 
|Home directory for the root account.
 
|Home directory for the root account.
 
|-
 
|-
|/sbin/
+
|[[/sbin/]]
 
|System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
 
|System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
 +
|-
 +
|/share/
 +
|new on GhostBSD without content
 +
|-
 +
|/tests/
 +
|new on GhostBSD without content
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/tmp/
 
|/tmp/
|Temporary files which are usually not preserved across a system reboot. A memory-based file system is often mounted at /tmp. This can be automated using the tmpmfs-related variables of rc.conf(5) or with an entry in /etc/fstab; refer to mdmfs(8) for details.
+
|Temporary files which are usually not preserved across a system reboot. A memory-based file system is often mounted at <code>/tmp</code>. This can be automated using the tmpmfs-related variables of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=freebsd-release-ports rc.conf(5)] or with an entry in <code>/etc/fstab</code>; refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mdmfs&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports mdmfs(8)] for details.
 
|-
 
|-
|/usr/
+
|[[/usr/]]
 
|The majority of user utilities and applications.
 
|The majority of user utilities and applications.
 
|-
 
|-
|/usr/bin/
+
|[[/var/]]
|Common utilities, programming tools, and applications.
+
|Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. A memory-based file system is sometimes mounted at <code>/var</code>. This can be automated using the varmfs-related variables in [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&manpath=freebsd-release-ports rc.conf(5)] or with an entry in <code>/etc/fstab</code>; refer to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mdmfs&sektion=8&manpath=freebsd-release-ports mdmfs(8)] for details.
|-
+
|/usr/include/
+
|Standard C include files.
+
|-
+
|/usr/lib/
+
|Archive libraries.
+
|-
+
|/usr/libdata/
+
|Miscellaneous utility data files.
+
|-
+
|/usr/libexec/
+
|System daemons and system utilities executed by other programs.
+
|-
+
|/usr/local/
+
|Local executables and libraries. Also used as the default destination for the FreeBSD ports framework. Within /usr/local, the general layout sketched out by hier(7) for /usr should be used. Exceptions are the man directory, which is directly under /usr/local rather than under /usr/local/share, and the ports documentation is in share/doc/port.
+
|-
+
|/usr/obj/
+
|Architecture-specific target tree produced by building the /usr/src tree.
+
|-
+
|/usr/ports/
+
|The FreeBSD Ports Collection (optional).
+
|-
+
|/usr/sbin/
+
|System daemons and system utilities executed by users.
+
|-
+
|/usr/share/
+
|Architecture-independent files.
+
|-
+
|/usr/src/
+
|BSD and/or local source files.
+
|-
+
|/var/
+
|Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. A memory-based file system is sometimes mounted at /var. This can be automated using the varmfs-related variables in rc.conf(5) or with an entry in /etc/fstab; refer to mdmfs(8) for details.
+
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/var/log/
 
|/var/log/
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|-
 
|-
 
|/var/tmp/
 
|/var/tmp/
|Temporary files which are usually preserved across a system reboot, unless /var is a memory-based file system.
+
|Temporary files which are usually preserved across a system reboot, unless <code>/var</code> is a memory-based file system.
 
|-
 
|-
 
|/var/yp/
 
|/var/yp/
 
|NIS maps.
 
|NIS maps.
 +
|-
 +
|/www/
 +
|new on GhostBSD without content
 +
|-
 +
|file: /COPYRIGHT
 +
|opyright (c) 1992-2019 The FreeBSD Project.
 +
 
|}
 
|}
  
[[Category:Sysutils]]
+
[[Category:Central Station Sysutils]]

Revision as of 09:17, 12 February 2020

Welcome to Icon Disti GhostBSD.png Directory Structure.
System
Directory Structure Standard Mount Points Configuration Files
Basics Users and Basic Account Management Permissions
Pc-sysinstall System Administration System Administration Utilities
Kernel Competence Hardware detection with dmesg GhostBSD Boot Process
Back to the Icon Disti GhostBSD.pngWiki

Introduction

The Ghost/FreeBSD directory hierarchy is fundamental to obtaining an overall understanding of the system. The most important directory is root or, “/”. This directory is the first one mounted at boot time and it contains the base system necessary to prepare the operating system for multi-user operation. The root directory also contains mount points for other file systems that are mounted during the transition to multi-user operation. Source: FreeBSD Handbook Chapter: 3.5. Directory Structure

A mount point is a directory where additional file systems can be connected to a parent file system. This is further described in FreeBSD Handbook Section 3.6, “Disk Organization”.

See also Standard Mount Points.


Directory Structure

At the first step we have to copy the Directory Structure from FreeBSD Handbook chapter: 3.5. Directory Structure in the following table. We use hier(7) and compare this structure with the installed structure of GhostBSD on metal. From here we will get deeper.

Directory Description
/ Root directory of the file system.
/bin/ User utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments. Examples: cat; chflags; chmod; cp; csh; dd......
/boot/ Programs and configuration files used during operating system bootstrap.
/boot/defaults/ Default boot configuration files. Refer to loader.conf(5) for details.
/cdrom/ default mount point for CD-ROM drives
/compat/ normally a link to /usr/compat. If not, then the /usr/compat comments apply
/dev/ Device nodes. Refer to intro(4) for details. Device special files managed by devfs(5)
/etc/ System configuration files and scripts.
/home/ is a link to /usr/home
/include/ new on GhostBSD without content
/lib/ critical system libraries needed for binaries in /bin and /sbin
/libdate/ new on GhostBSD without content
/libexec/ critical system utilities needed for binaries in /bin and /sbin
/man/ new on GhostBSD without content
/media/ contains subdirectories to be used as mount points for removable media such as CDs, USB drives, and floppy disks
/mnt/ Empty directory commonly used by system administrators as a temporary mount point.
/net/ automounted NFS shares; see auto_master(5)
/proc/ Process file system. Refer to procfs(5), mount_procfs(8) for details.
/rescue/ Statically linked programs for emergency recovery as described in rescue(8).
/root/ Home directory for the root account.
/sbin/ System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments.
/share/ new on GhostBSD without content
/tests/ new on GhostBSD without content
/tmp/ Temporary files which are usually not preserved across a system reboot. A memory-based file system is often mounted at /tmp. This can be automated using the tmpmfs-related variables of rc.conf(5) or with an entry in /etc/fstab; refer to mdmfs(8) for details.
/usr/ The majority of user utilities and applications.
/var/ Multi-purpose log, temporary, transient, and spool files. A memory-based file system is sometimes mounted at /var. This can be automated using the varmfs-related variables in rc.conf(5) or with an entry in /etc/fstab; refer to mdmfs(8) for details.
/var/log/ Miscellaneous system log files.
/var/mail/ User mailbox files.
/var/spool/ Miscellaneous printer and mail system spooling directories.
/var/tmp/ Temporary files which are usually preserved across a system reboot, unless /var is a memory-based file system.
/var/yp/ NIS maps.
/www/ new on GhostBSD without content
file: /COPYRIGHT opyright (c) 1992-2019 The FreeBSD Project.