Editing Useful Commands

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|style="text-align:center;padding: 10px" | '''Welcome to the'''[[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|100px|link=]] '''{{PAGENAME}}'''
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==Introduction==

There are a lot of useful commands for GhostBSD. Most of them are written for FreeBSD and you can find them easy. They work also for GhostBSD. But some are hidden in the deep web. You get them from hints in different forums or on Telegram. The first we will connect to this page and the last we will collect on this page.

==Common Commands==

===Basic Commands on Your system===

See also in In your directories 
* [[/usr/bin/]] [[/usr/sbin/]] useful applications for your cli, 
* [[/bin/]] and [[/sbin/]] system tools.

===For People New to Both Ghost/FreeBSD and UNIX===

[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/new-users/index.html from Annelise Anderson]

===Short Comparison Linux and BSD=== 

[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/linux-users/commands.html Common Commands]

===UNIX Command Summary===

[https://www.bsd.org/unixcmds.html on BSD.org]


===An introduction to Regular Expressions===

[https://www.bsd.org/regexintro.html on BSD.org]

===A concise reference of vi commands===

[https://www.bsd.org/viref.html on BSD.org]

===FreeBSD Command Reference===

[https://www.ws.afnog.org/afnog2006/e0/ha/freebsd/freebsdref1.pdf AfNOG]
If this list is up to date we have to check.

===Useful Overview===

[http://www.us-webmasters.com/FreeBSD/Unix-FreeBSD-Commands-Cheat-Sheet/Commands.txt US Webmaster]

===FreeBSD Display Information About The System Hardware===

[https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/freebsd-display-information-about-the-system.html nixCraft]



===FREEBSD Man Pages ===

This page gives an overview about all commands and there man pages (12,652 Total Pages):
[https://www.unix.com/man-page-collection.php?os=freebsd The UNIX and Linux Forums]

==Selected helpful Commands==

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! scope="col" style="width: 200px;"|'''Command'''
! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Abstract'''
! scope="col" style="width: 150px;"|'''Addition or Link'''
|-
|sysctl kern.osreldate
|Shows the same result as uname -U
|[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(8)]
|-
|[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uname&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html uname] -U
|you get: 1201500 or higher; part 1201 comes from FreeBSD-version 12.01 and 500 seems to bee the level of contribs.
|see also [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=91&t=1556 ericbsd]; [https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-find-out-freebsd-version-and-patch-level-number/ nixCraft Linux and Unix tutorials for new and seasoned sysadmin]
|-
|rc
|command scripts for auto-reboot and daemon startup
 Files
 /etc/rc
 /etc/rc.conf
 /etc/rc.conf.local
 /etc/rc.d/
 /etc/rc.firewall
 /etc/rc.local
 /etc/rc.shutdown
 /etc/rc.subr
 /var/run/dmesg.boot	
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc&apropos=0&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]]
|-
|[[dmesg]]
|Discover what hardware was detected by the kernel and other system related information.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/dmesg/]]
|-
|dmesg | grep usb 	
|Show USB devices.
|
|-
|kldstat 	
|List all modules currently loaded in the kernel.
|
|-
|gpart
|The gpart utility is used to partition GEOM providers, normally disks
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/gpart/]]
|-
|mount -t msdosfs /dev/da5s1 /mnt
|mount USB stick, the numbers 5 and 1 are exables, you have to get them with gpart for your system
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/5/msdosfs/]]
|-
|ntfs-3g /dev/da'''x'''s'''y''' /mnt
|mount NTFS device 
|
|-
|pciconf -lv  
|Output to identify your video card
|Fred Finster 10.01.2020 on Telegram, see also [[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/pciconf/]]
|-
|pciconf -l -cv 	
|Show PCI devices.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/pciconf/]]
|-
|scanimage -L
|Shows if the scanner is connected and seen
|[[File:Icon FreeBSD.png|100px|link=https://www.bsdforen.de/threads/scanner-device-in-qt5-variable-einlesen.33977/]] [[File:1329059652.png|35px|link=http://www.sane-project.org/man/scanimage.1.html]]
|-
|sysctl hw.realmem 	
|Display hardware memory.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/sysctl/]]
|-
|sysctl dev <nowiki>|</nowiki> less
|Display configured devices.
|
|-
|sysctl hw.model 	
|Display CPU model.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/sysctl/]]
|-
|sysctl hw.machine_arch 	
|Display CPU Architecture
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/sysctl/]]
|-
|sysctl hw.ncpu 	
|Display number of CPUs.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/sysctl/]]
|-
|uname -vm 	
|Get release version information.
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/uname/]]
|-
|uname -a
|Get release version and user.pc information
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/uname/]]
|-
|freebsd-version
|print the version and patch level of the installed base system: FreeBSD, Info is located <code>/bin/freebsd-version</code> on your system
|[[File:Jean victor balin book.png|25px|link=https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/1/freebsd-version/]]
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[[Category:Sysutils]]