Difference between revisions of "/usr/bin/"

Latest revision as of 11:59, 9 June 2020

Welcome to /usr/bin/.

System Administration Utilities

/bin/ Tools and applications	/sbin/ System Administration Utilities
/usr/bin/ Tools and applications	/usr/sbin/ System tools
/usr/local/bin/ Tools and applications	/usr/local/sbin/ System tools

Back to the System

Introduction[edit]

Here you will find a lot of small applications, you don't find on your desktop task bar. No starter is there but on your computer. You can use them only on the cli. All commands are connected to the man pages. So you can read how to use them.

Content[edit]

Utility	Description
addr2line	The addr2line utility translates program addresses specified by the command line arguments hexaddress to their corresponding source file names and line numbers. If no arguments are given to addr2line, it will read these addresses from standard input.
alias	a shell built-in command The shell maintains a list of aliases which can be set, unset and printed by the alias and unalias commands. See [1]
apply	The apply utility runs the named command on each argument argument in turn.
apropos	The apropos and whatis utilities query manual page databases generated by makewhatis(8), evaluating expression for each file in each database. By default, they display the names, section numbers, and description lines of all matching manuals.
ar	The ar utility creates and maintains groups of files combined into an ar chive. Once an archive has been created, new files can be added to it, and existing files can be extracted, deleted or replaced.
as	AS the portable GNU assembler
asa	The asa utility reads files sequentially, mapping FORTRAN carriage-control characters to line-printer control sequences, and writes them to the standard output.
asn1_compile	The ASN.1 library contains routines to handle ASN.1 encoding for SNMP. It supports only the restricted form of ASN.1 as required by SNMP.
at	The at and batch utilities read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed at a later time, using sh(1).
atq	The at and batch utilities read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed at a later time, using sh(1).
atrm	The at and batch utilities read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed at a later time, using sh(1).
awk	awk scans each input file for lines that match any of a set of patterns specified literally in prog or in one or more files specified as -f progfile. With each pattern there can be an associated action that will be performed when a line of a file matches the pattern.
b64decode	[2] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII data. The b64encode utility is synonymous with uuencode with the -m flag specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with the -m flag specified.
b64encode	[3] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII data. The b64encode utility is synonymous with uuencode with the -m flag specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with the -m flag specified.
banner	Banner prints a large, high quality banner on the standard output. If the message is omitted, it prompts for and reads one line of its standard input.
basename	basename, dirname return filename or directory portion of pathname
batch	The at and batch utilities read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed at a later time, using sh(1).
bc	bc is an interactive processor for a language which resembles C but pro vides unlimited precision arithmetic. It takes input from any expressions on the command line and any files given, then reads the standard input.
bg	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
biff	The biff utility informs the system whether you want to be notified on your terminal when mail arrives.
brandelf	The brandelf utility marks an ELF binary to be run under a certain ABI for FreeBSD.
bsdcat	bsdcat typically takes a filename as an argument or reads standard input when used in a pipe. In both cases decompressed data it written to standard output.
bsdcpio	cpio copies files between archives and directories. This implementation can extract from tar, pax, cpio, zip, jar, ar, and ISO 9660 cdrom images and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar, and shar archives.
bsdiff	The bsdiff utility compares oldfile to newfile and writes to patchfile a binary patch suitable for use by bspatch(1). When ldfile and newfile are two versions of an executable program, the patches produced are on average a factor of five smaller than those produced by any other binary patch tool known to the author.
bsdtar	tar creates and manipulates streaming archive files. This implementation can extract from tar, pax, cpio, zip, jar, ar, xar, rpm, 7-zip, and ISO 9660 cdrom images and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar, zip, 7-zip, and shar archives.
bsnmpget	bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
bsnmpset	bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
bsnmpwalk	bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
bspatch	The bspatch utility generates newfile from oldfile and patchfile where patchfile is a binary patch built by bsdiff(1).
bthost	The bthost utility looks for information about Bluetooth hosts and Protocol Service Multiplexor (PSM) values. It gets this information from the `/etc/bluetooth/hosts` and `/etc/bluetooth/protocols` files.
btsockstat	The btsockstat utility symbolically displays the contents of various Bluetooth sockets related data structures. There are few output formats, depending on the options for the information presented. The btsockstat utility will print results to the standard output and error messages to the standard error.
bunzip2	bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is generally considerably better than that achieved by more conventional LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM family of statistical compressors.
byacc	Yacc reads the grammar specification in the file filename and generates an LALR(1) parser for it. The parsers consist of a set of LALR(1) parsing tables and a driver routine written in the C programming language. Yacc normally writes the parse tables and the driver routine to the file y.tab.c.
bzcat	bzcat - decompresses files to stdout
bzegrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [4]
bzfgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [5]
bzgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [6]
bzip2	bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is generally considerably better than that achieved by more conventional LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM family of statistical compressors.
bzip2recover	bzip2 compresses files using the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text compression algorithm, and Huffman coding. Compression is generally considerably better than that achieved by more conventional LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and approaches the performance of the PPM family of statistical compressors.
bzless	bzmore, bzless file perusal filter for crt viewing of bzip2 compressed text
c89	c89 -- POSIX.2 C language compiler
c99	c99 -- standard C language compiler
caesar	The caesar utility attempts to decrypt caesar ciphers using English letter frequency statistics. Caesar reads from the standard input and writes to the standard output. The optional numerical argument rotation may be used to specify a specific rotation value. If invoked as rot13, a rotation value of 13 will be used.
cal	cal, ncal -- displays a calendar and the date of Easter
calenda	Unknown command calenda
cap_mkdb	The cap_mkdb utility builds a hashed database out of the getcap(3) logical database constructed by the concatenation of the specified files.
CC	clang is a C, C++, and Objective-C compiler which encompasses preprocessing, parsing, optimization, code generation, assembly, and linking.
cd	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
chat	The chat program defines a conversational exchange between the computer and the modem. Its primary purpose is to establish the connection between the Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon (pppd) and the remote's pppd process.
chfn	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [7]
chgrp	The chgrp utility sets the group ID of the file named by each file oper and to the group ID specified by the group operand.
chkey	The chkey utility prompts the user for their login password, and uses it to encrypt a new encryption key for the user to be stored in the publickey(5) database.
chpass	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [8]
chsh	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [9]
cksum	The cksum utility writes to the standard output three whitespace sepa rated fields for each input file. These fields are a checksum CRC, the total number of octets in the file and the file name. If no file name is specified, the standard input is used and no file name is written.
clear	tput, clear -- terminal capability interface
cmp	The cmp utility compares two files of any type and writes the results to the standard output. By default, cmp is silent if the files are the same; if they differ, the byte and line number at which the first difference occurred is reported.
col	The col utility filters out reverse (and half reverse) line feeds so that the output is in the correct order with only forward and half forward line feeds, and replaces white-space characters with tabs where possible. This can be useful in processing the output of nroff(1) and tbl(1).
colldef	The colldef utility converts a collation sequence source definition into a format usable by the strxfrm() and strcoll() functions. It is used to define the many ways in which strings can be ordered and collated
colrm	The colrm utility removes selected columns from the lines of a file. A column is defined as a single character in a line. Input is read from the standard input. Output is written to the standard output.
column	The column utility formats its input into multiple columns. Rows are filled before columns. Input is taken from file operands, or, by default, from the standard input. Empty lines are ignored.
comm	The comm utility reads file1 and file2, which should be sorted lexically, and produces three text columns as output: lines only in file1; lines only in file2; and lines in both files.
command	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
compile_et	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
compress	compress, uncompress -- compress and expand data
cpio	cpio copies files between archives and directories. This implementation can extract from tar, pax, cpio, zip, jar, ar, and ISO 9660 cdrom images and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar, and shar archives.
cpp	clang is a C, C++, and Objective-C compiler which encompasses preprocessing, parsing, optimization, code generation, assembly, and linking. Depending on which high-level mode setting is passed, Clang will stop before doing a full link. While Clang is highly integrated, it is important to understand the stages of compilation, to understand how to invoke it.
cpuset	The cpuset command can be used to assign processor sets to processes, run commands constrained to a given set or list of processors and memory domains, and query information about processor binding, memory binding and policy, sets, and available processors and memory domains in the system.
crontab	The crontab utility is the program used to install, deinstall or list the tables used to drive the cron(8) daemon in Vixie Cron. Each user can have their own crontab, and though these are files in /var, they are not intended to be edited directly.
crunchgen	A crunched binary is a program made up of many other programs linked together into a single executable. The crunched binary main() function determines which component program to run by the contents of argv[0]. The main reason to crunch programs together is for fitting as many programs as possible onto an installation or system recovery floppy.
crunchide	The crunchide utility hides the global symbols of object-file such that they are ignored by subsequent runs of the linker, ld(1). Some symbols may be left visible via the -k keep-symbol and -f keep-list-file options. The keep-list-file must contain a list of symbols to keep visible, one symbol per line. The names given by keep-symbol or in keep-list-file should be C names. For example, to keep the C function "foo" visible, the option "-k foo" should be used.
crypt	The enigma utility, also known as crypt is a very simple encryption program, working on a "secret-key" basis. It operates as a filter, i.e., it encrypts or decrypts a stream of data from standard input, and writes the result to standard output. Since its operation is fully symmetrical, feeding the encrypted data stream again through the engine (using the same secret key) will decrypt it.
csplit	The csplit utility splits file into pieces using the patterns args.
ctags	The ctags utility makes a tags file for ex(1) from the specified C, Pascal, Fortran, yacc(1), lex(1) and Lisp sources. A tags file gives the locations of specified objects in a group of files.
ctfconvert	The ctfconvert utility converts debug information from a binary file to CTF data and replaces the debug section of that file with a CTF section called SUNW_ctf. This new section is added to the input file, unless the -o ption is present. You can also opt to keep the original debugging section with the -g option
ctfdump	The ctfdump utility dumps the contents of the CTF data section (SUNW_ctf) present in an ELF binary file. This section was previously created with ctfconvert(1) or ctfmerge(1).
ctfmerge	[10] The ctfmerge utility merges several CTF data sections from several files into one output file, unifying common data.
ctlstat	The ctlstat utility provides statistics information for the CAM Target Layer. The first display (except for dump and JSON modes) shows average statistics since system startup. Subsequent displays show average statistics during the measurement interval.
cu	The cu utility establishes a full-duplex connection to another machine, giving the appearance of being logged in directly on the remote CPU. It goes without saying that you must have a login on the machine (or equivalent) to which you wish to connect.
cut	The cut utility cuts out selected portions of each line (as specified by list) from each file and writes them to the standard output. If no file arguments are specified, or a file argument is a single dash (`-'), cut reads from the standard input. The items specified by list can be in terms of column position or in terms of fields delimited by a special character. Column and field numbering start from 1.
dc	dc -- desk calculator
dialog	Dialog is a program that will let you to present a variety of questions or display messages using dialog boxes from a shell script.
diff	The diff utility compares the contents of file1 and file2 and writes to the standard output the list of changes necessary to convert one file into the other.
diff3	Compare three files line by line.
dirname	basename, dirname return filename or directory portion of pathname
dpv	dpv provides a dialog progress view, allowing a user to see current throughput rate and total data transferred for one or more streams.
drill	drill is a tool to designed to get all sorts of information out of the DNS. It is specificly designed to be used with DNSSEC.
dtc	The dtc utility converts between flattened device tree (FDT) representations. It is most commonly used to generate device tree blobs (DTB), the binary representation of an FDT, from device tree sources (DTS), the ASCII text source representation.
du	The du utility displays the file system block usage for each file argument and for each directory in the file hierarchy rooted in each directory argument. If no file is specified, the block usage of the hierarchy rooted in the current directory is displayed.
edit	The command ee is a simple screen oriented text editor. It is always in text insertion mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal). The command ree is the same as ee, but restricted to editing the named file (no file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
ee	The command ee is a simple screen oriented text editor. It is always in text insertion mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal). The command ree is the same as ee, but restricted to editing the named file (no file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
egrep	grep, egrep, fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep - print lines matching a pattern
elf2aout	The elf2aout utility is used to convert an ELF formatted binary, namely a kernel, to an a.out formatted one. Most OpenBoot firmware require an a.out format or FCode boot image and this utility is designed to accommodate. If infile is not in ELF format, an error message will be presented.
elfdump	elfdump -- display information about ELF files
enigma	The enigma utility, also known as crypt is a very simple encryption program, working on a "secret-key" basis. It operates as a filter, i.e., it encrypts or decrypts a stream of data from standard input, and writes the result to standard output. Since its operation is fully symmetrical, feeding the encrypted data stream again through the engine (using the same secret key) will decrypt it.
env	The env utility executes another utility after modifying the environment as specified on the command line. Each name=value option specifies the setting of an environment variable, name, with a value of value. All such environment variables are set before the utility is executed.
etdump	etdump -- Dump El Torito boot catalog information from ISO images
ex	ex, vi, view -- text editors; vi is a screen-oriented text editor. ex is a line-oriented text editor. exand vi are different interfaces to the same program, and it is possible to switch back and forth during an edit session. view is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of vi.
expand	expand, unexpand -- expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
factor	Factor prints number and its prime factors, each repeated the proper number of times.
false	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
fc	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
fetch	The fetch utility provides a command-line interface to the fetch(3) library. Its purpose is to retrieve the file(s) pointed to by the URL(s) on the command line.
fg	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
fgrep	grep, egrep, fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep - print lines matching a pattern
file	file tests each argument in an attempt to classify it. There are three sets of tests, performed in this order: filesystem tests, magic tests, and language tests. The first test that succeeds causes the file type to be printed.
file2c	The file2c utility reads a file from stdin and writes it to stdout, converting each byte to its decimal or hexadecimal representation on the fly. The byte values are separated by a comma. This also means that the last byte value is not followed by a comma. By default the byte values are printed in decimal, but when the -x option is given, the values will be printed in hexadecimal. When -s option is given, each line is printed with a leading tab and each comma is followed by a space except for the last one on the line.
find	The find utility recursively descends the directory tree for each path listed, evaluating an expression (composed of the "primaries" and "operands" listed below) in terms of each file in the tree.
finger	The finger utility displays information about the system users.
flex	This manual describes flex, a tool for generating programs that perform pattern-matching on text.
flex++
fmt	fmt -- simple text formatter
fold	The fold utility is a filter which folds the contents of the specified files, or the standard input if no files are specified, breaking the lines to have a maximum of 80 columns.
fortune	Fortune prints a one-line aphorism chosen at random. If a file is specified, the saying is taken from that file; otherwise it is selected from /usr/local/plan9/lib/fortunes.
from	The from utility prints out the mail header lines from the invoker's mailbox.
fstat	The fstat utility identifies open files. A file is considered open by a process if it was explicitly opened, is the working directory, root directory, jail root directory, active executable text, or kernel trace file for that process. If no options are specified, fstat reports on all open files in the system.
fsync	The fsync utility causes all the modified data and meta-data of all the files named on the command line to be written to a permanent storage device.
ftp	ftp -- Internet file transfer program
fuser	fuser -- list IDs of all processes that have one or more files open
gate-ftp	ftp -- Internet file transfer program
gcore	gcore -- get core images of running process
gencat	gencat -- NLS catalog compiler
getaddrinfo	getaddrinfo -- resolve names to socket addresses
getconf	getconf -- retrieve standard configuration variables
getent	getent -- get entries from administrative database
getopt	getopt -- parse command options
getopts	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
gnugrep
gprof	The gprof utility produces an execution profile of C, Pascal, or Fortran77 programs.
grdc	grdc runs a digital clock made of reverse-video blanks on a curses compatible VDU screen.
grep	grep, egrep, fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep - print lines matching a pattern
groups	The groups utility has been obsoleted by the id(1) utility, and is equivalent to "id -Gn [user]". The command "id -p" is suggested for normal interactive use
gunzip	gzip, gunzip, zcat -- compression/decompression tool using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
gzcat	gzip, gunzip, zcat -- compression/decompression tool using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
gzexe	gzexe -- create auto-decompressing executables
gzip	gzip, gunzip, zcat -- compression/decompression tool using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
hash	shell built-in commands
hd	The hexdump utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or the standard input, if no files are specified, in a user specified format.
head	head -- display first lines of a file
hexdump	The hexdump utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or the standard input, if no files are specified, in a user specified format.
host	host is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa.
hxtool
ibstat	ibstat is a binary which displays basic information obtained from the local IB driver. Output includes LID, SMLID, port state, link width active, and port physical state.
ibv_asyncwatch	ibv_asyncwatch - display asynchronous events
ibv_devices	ibv_devices - list RDMA devices
ibv_devinfo	Print information about RDMA devices available for use from userspace.
ibv_rc_pingpong	Run a simple ping-pong test over InfiniBand via the reliable connected (RC) transport.
ibv_srq_pingpong	ibv_srq_pingpong run a simple ping-pong test over InfiniBand via the reliable connected (RC) transport, using multiple queue pairs (QPs) and a single shared receive queue (SRQ).
ibv_uc_pingpong	ibv_uc_pingpong - simple InfiniBand UC transport test
ibv_ud_pingpong	ibv_ud_pingpong - simple InfiniBand UD transport test
iconv	iconv -- codeset conversion utility
id	id -- return user identity
ident	ident -- identify RCS keyword string in files
indent	indent -- indent and format C program source
install	install -- install binaries
ipcrm	ipcrm -- remove the specified message queues, semaphore sets, and shared segments
ipcs	ipcs -- report System V interprocess communication facilities status
iscsictl	iscsictl -- iSCSI initiator management utility
jobs	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
join	join -- relational database operator
jot	jot -- print sequential or random data
kadmin	kadmin - Kerberos V5 database administration program
kcc
kdestroy	kdestroy -- remove one credential or destroy the current ticket file
kdump	kdump -- display kernel trace data
/usr/bin/keylogin	The keylogin utility prompts the user for their login password, and uses it to decrypt the user's secret key stored in the publickey(5) database. Once decrypted, the user's key is stored by the local key server process keyserv(8) to be used by any secure network services, such as NFS.
keylogout	The keylogout utility deletes the key stored by the key server process keyserv(8) to be used by any secure network services, such as NFS. Further access to the key is revoked, however current session keys may remain valid till they expire, or are refreshed. This option will cause any background jobs that need secure RPC services to fail, and any scheduled at jobs that need the key to fail. Also since only one copy is kept on a machine of the key, it is a bad idea to place this in your .logout file since it will affect other sessions on the same machine.
kf	kf -- securely forward tickets
kgetcred	kgetcred obtains a ticket for a service. Usually tickets for services are obtained automatically when needed but sometimes for some odd reason you want to obtain a particular ticket or of a special type.
killall	The killall utility kills processes selected by name, as opposed to the selection by PID as done by kill(1).
kinit	kinit -- acquire initial tickets
klist	klist -- list Kerberos credentials
kpasswd	kpasswd -- Kerberos 5 password changing program
krb5-config	krb5-config -- give information on how to link code against Heimdal libraries
ksu	ksu - Kerberized super-user
kswitch	kswitch -- switch between default credential caches
ktrace	ktrace -- enable kernel process tracing
ktrdump	ktrdump -- print kernel ktr trace buffer
lam	The lam utility copies the named files side by side onto the standard output. The n-th input lines from the input files are onsidered fragments of the single long n-th output line into which they are assembled. The name `-' means the standard input, and may be repeated.
last	The last utility will either list the sessions of specified users, ttys, and hosts, in reverse time order, or list the users logged in at a specified date and time.
lastcomm	lastcomm -- show last commands executed
leave	leave -- remind you when you have to leave
less	Less is a program similar to more (1), but which allows backward move ment in the file as well as forward movement. Also, less does not have to read the entire input file before starting, so with large input files it starts up faster than text editors like vi (1).
lessecho	lessecho is a program that simply echos its arguments on standard output. But any metacharacter in the output is preceded by an "escape" character, which by default is a backslash.
lesskey	lesskey - specify key bindings for less
lesspipe.sh
lex	flex, lex - fast lexical analyzer generator
lex++
limits	The limits utility either prints or sets kernel resource limits, and may optionally set environment variables like env(1) and run a program with the selected resources.
locale	locale -- get locale-specific information
localedef	The localedef utility converts source definitions for locale categories into a format usable by the functions and utilities whose operational behavior is determined by the setting of the locale environment variables; see environ(7).
locate	The locate program searches a database for all pathnames which match the specified pattern.
lock	The lock utility requests a password from the user, reads it again for verification and then will normally not relinquish the terminal until the password is repeated. There are two other conditions under which it will terminate: it will timeout after some interval of time and it may be killed by someone with the appropriate permission.
lockf	lockf -- execute a command while holding a file lock
logger	logger -- make entries in the system log
login	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
logins	logins -- display account information
logname	logname -- display user's login name
look	look -- display lines beginning with a given string
lorder	The lorder utility uses nm(1) to determine interdependencies in the list of object files and library archives specified on the command line. The lorder utility outputs a list of file names where the first file contains a symbol which is defined by the second file.
lp	The lp utility is a front-end to the print spooler as required by the IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") specification. It effectively invokes lpr(1) with the proper set of arguments.
lpq	lpq -- spool queue examination program
lpr	lpr(1)-- off line print
lprm	The lprm utility will remove a job, or jobs, from a printer's spool queue.
lsvfs	lsvfs -- list installed virtual file systems
lzcat	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
lzdec
lzegrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [11]
lzfgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [12]
lzgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [13]
lzless
lzma	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
lzmainfo	lzmainfo - show information stored in the .lzma file header
m4	The m4 utility is a macro processor that can be used as a front end to any language (e.g., C, ratfor, fortran, lex, and yacc). If no input files are given, m4 reads from the standard input, otherwise files specified on the command line are processed in the given order. Input files can be regular files, files in the m4 include paths, or a single dash (`-'), denoting standard input. m4 writes the processed text to the standard output, unless told otherwise.
mail	mail, Mail, mailx-- send and receive mail
Mail	mail, Mail, mailx-- send and receive mail
mailq	Mailq prints a summary of the mail messages queued for future delivery.
mailx	mail, Mail, mailx-- send and receive mail
make	make is a program designed to simplify the maintenance of other programs. Its input is a list of specifications as to the files upon which programs and other files depend. If no -f makefile makefile option is given, make will try to open `makefile' then `Makefile' in order to find the specifications.
make-roken
makewhatis	The makewhatis utility extracts keywords from UNIX manuals and indexes them in a database for fast retrieval by apropos(1), whatis(1), and man(1)'s -k option.
man	man -- display online manual documentation pages
mandoc	mandoc -- format manual pages
manpath	The manpath utility determines the user's manual search path from the user's PATH, and local configuration files. This result is echoed to the standard output.
mckey	mckey - RDMA CM multicast setup and simple data transfer test.
mesg	mesg -- display (do not display) messages from other users
minigzip	minigzip -- minimal implementation of the 'gzip' compression tool
ministat	The ministat command calculates fundamental statistical properties of numeric data in the specified files or, if no file is specified, standard input.
mkcsmapper	The mkcsmapper utility generates binary conversion data from plain text conversion tables for the iconv(3) library.
mkdep	The mkdep utility takes a set of flags for the C compiler and a list of C source files as arguments and constructs a set of include file dependencies which are written into the file ``.depend.
mkesdb	The mkesdb utility generates conversion catalog for the iconv(3) library.
mkfifo	The mkfifo utility creates the fifos requested, in the order specified.
mkimg	The mkimg utility creates a disk image from the raw partition contents specified with the partition argument(s) and using the partitioning scheme specified with the scheme argument. The disk image is written to stdout by default or the file specified with the outfile argument. The image file is a raw disk image by default, but the format of the image file can be specified with the format argument.
mklocale	The mklocale utility reads a LC_CTYPE source file from standard input and produces a LC_CTYPE binary file on standard output suitable for placement in /usr/share/locale/language/LC_CTYPE.
mkstr	The mkstr utility creates a file containing error messages extracted from C source, and restructures the same C source, to utilize the created error message file.
mktemp	The mktemp utility takes each of the given file name templates and overwrites a portion of it to create a file name.
mkuzip	The mkuzip utility compresses a disk image file so that the geom_uzip(4) class will be able to decompress the resulting image at run-time.
more	more - opposite of less
morse	The morse command reads the given input and reformats it in the form of morse code. Acceptable input are command line arguments or the standard input.
msgs	The msgs utility is used to read system messages. These messages are sent by mailing to the login `msgs' and should be short pieces of information which are suitable to be read once by most users of the system.
mt	mt -- magnetic tape manipulating program
nawk	awk scans each input file for lines that match any of a set of patterns specified literally in prog or in one or more files specified as -f progfile.
nc	The nc (or netcat) utility is used for just about anything under the sun involving TCP, UDP, or UNIX-domain sockets. It can open TCP connections, send UDP packets, listen on arbitrary TCP and UDP ports, do port scanning, and deal with both IPv4 and IPv6.
ncal	cal, ncal -- displays a calendar and the date of Easter
netstat	netstat -- show network status and statistics
newaliases	Newaliases rebuilds the random access data base for the mail aliases file /etc/mail/aliases. It must be run each time this file is changed in order for the change to take effect.
newgrp	The newgrp utility creates a new shell execution environment with modified real and effective group IDs.
newkey	newkey -- create a new key in the publickey database
nex	ex, vi, view -- text editors
nfsstat	The nfsstat command displays statistics kept about NFS client and server activity.
nice	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
nl	nl -- line numbering filter
nm	nm -- display symbolic information in object files
nohup	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
ntpq	The ntpq utility program is used to query NTP servers to monitor NTP operations and performance, requesting information about current state and/or changes in that state.
number	The number utility prints the English equivalent of the number to the standard output, with each 10^3 magnitude displayed on a separate line. If no argument is specified, number reads lines from the standard input.
nvi	ex, vi, view -- text editors
/nview	ex, vi, view -- text editors
objcopy	objcopy -- copy and translate object files
objdump	objdump - display information from object files.
od	The od utility is a filter which displays the specified files, or stan dard input if no files are specified, in a user specified format; octal, decimal, hex, ASCII dump
openssl	OpenSSL is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security (TLS v1) network protocols and related cryptography standards required by them.
opieinfo	opieinfo takes an optional user name and writes the current sequence number and seed found in the OPIE key database for either the current user or the user specified. opiekey is compatible with the keyinfo(1) program from Bellcore's S/Key Version 1 except that specification of a remote system name is not permitted.
opiekey	opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5 - Programs for computing responses to OTP challenges
opiepasswd	opiepasswd - Change or set a user's password for the OPIE authentication system.
otp-md4	opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5 - Programs for computing responses to OTP challenges
otp-md5	opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5 - Programs for computing responses to OTP challenges
otp-sha1	opiekey takes the optional count of the number of responses to print along with a (maximum) sequence number and seed as command line args.
pagesize	The pagesize utility prints the size of a page of memory in bytes, as returned by getpagesize(3). This program is useful in constructing portable shell scripts.
passwd	The passwd, yppasswd utility changes the user's local, Kerberos, or NIS password. If the user is not the super-user, passwd first prompts for the current password and will not continue unless the correct password is entered.
paste	The paste utility concatenates the corresponding lines of the given input files, replacing all but the last file's newline characters with a single tab character, and writes the resulting lines to standard output. If end-of-file is reached on an input file while other input files still contain data, the file is treated as if it were an endless source of empty lines.
patch	patch will take a patch file containing any of the four forms of difference listing produced by the diff(1) program and apply those differences to an original file, producing a patched version. If patchfile is omitted, or is a hyphen, the patch will be read from the standard input.
pathchk	The pathchk utility checks whether each of the specified pathname arguments is valid or portable.
pawd	The pawd utility is used to print the current working directory, adjusted to reflect proper paths that can be reused to go through the automounter for the shortest possible path. In particular, the path printed back does not include any of amd(8)'s local mount points. Using them is unsafe, because amd(8) may unmount managed file systems from the mountpoints, and thus including them in paths may not always find the files within.
perror	perror -- print an error number as a string
pftp	ftp -- Internet file transfer program
pgrep	The pgrep command searches the process table on the running system and prints the process IDs of all processes that match the criteria given on the command line.
pkill	The pkill command searches the process table on the running system and signals all processes that match the criteria given on the command line.
pmcstudy	The pmcstudy program is designed to run various tests against your systems performance. There are roughly 20-22 canned tests that setup specific PMCs and then run various formulas on the output information.
pom	pom -- display the phase of the moon
posixshmcontrol	posixshmcontrol -- Control POSIX shared memory segments
pr	The pr utility is a printing and pagination filter for text files. When multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written to standard output.
primes	primes prints the sequence of prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and so on, one per line.
printenv	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
printf	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
proccontrol	The proccontrol command modifies the execution parameter of existing process specified by the pid argument, or starts execution of the new program command with the execution parameter set for it.
procstat	procstat utility displays detailed information about the processes identified by the pid arguments, or if the -a flag is used, all processes. It can also display information extracted from a process core file, if the core file is specified as the argument.
protect	The protect command is used to mark processes as protected. The kernel does not kill protected processes when swap space is exhausted. Note that this protected state is not inherited by child processes by default.
quota	The quota utility displays users' disk usage and limits. By default only the user quotas are printed. Disk block usage and limits are shown in 1024-byte blocks.
random	random generates a random number between the two values given. The number can be uniform across the entire range or it can be a gaussian distribution around the center of the range (or a named center).
ranlib	ar, ranlib -- manage archives
rctl	rctl -- display and update resource limits database; When called without options, the rctl command writes currently defined RCTL rules to standard output.
read	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
readelf	readelf -- display information about ELF objects
readlink	stat, readlink -- display file status
ree	The command ee is a simple screen oriented text editor. It is always in text insertion mode unless there is a prompt at the bottom of the terminal, or a menu present (in a box in the middle of the terminal). The command ree is the same as ee, but restricted to editing the named file (no file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
renice	renice -- alter priority of running processes
reset	tset, reset -- terminal initialization
resizewin	The resizewin utility queries the terminal emulator for the current window size and updates the size known to the kernel using the TIOCSWINSZ ioctl.
rev	The rev utility copies the specified files to the standard output, reversing the order of characters in every line. If no files are specified, the standard input is read.
revoke	revoke -- revoke a character device
rfcomm_sppd	The rfcomm_sppd utility is a Serial Port Profile daemon. It can operate in two modes: client and server.
rgrep	rgrep - a recursive, highlighting grep program
rot13	The caesar utility attempts to decrypt caesar ciphers using English letter frequency statistics. Caesar reads from the standard input and writes to the standard output. The optional numerical argument rotation may be used to specify a specific rotation value. If invoked as rot13, a rotation value of 13 will be used.
rpcgen	rpcgen -- an RPC protocol compiler
rpcinfo	rpcinfo -- report RPC information
rping	rping - RDMA CM connection and RDMA ping-pong test.
rs	The rs utility reads the standard input, interpreting each line as a row of blank-separated entries in an array, transforms the array according to the options, and writes it on the standard output.
rup	The rup utility displays a summary of the current system status of a particular host or all hosts on the local network.
ruptime	ruptime -- show host status of local machines
rusers	rusers -- who is logged in to machines on local network
rwall	rwall -- send a message to users logged on a host
rwho	rwho -- who is logged in on local machines
scp	scp -- secure copy (remote file copy program)
script	The script utility makes a typescript of everything printed on your ter minal. It is useful for students who need a hardcopy record of an interactive session as proof of an assignment, as the typescript file can be printed out later with lpr(1).
sdiff	'.
sed	The sed utility reads the specified files, or the standard input if no files are specified, modifying the input as specified by a list of commands. The input is then written to the standard output.
seq	seq -- print sequences of numbers
sftp	sftp -- secure file transfer program
shar	shar -- create a shell archive of files
showmount	The showmount utility shows status information about the NFS server on host. By default it prints the names of all hosts that have NFS file systems mounted on the host.
size	size -- display section sizes and total size of ELF objects
slc
slick-greeter-check-hidpi
slick-greeter-set-keyboard-layout
slogin	ssh (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine.
smbutil	The smbutil command is used to control SMB requester and issue various commands.
sockstat	sockstat -- list open sockets
soelim	soelim -- interpret .so requests in manpages
sort	The sort utility sorts text and binary files by lines.
split	split -- split a file into pieces
sscop	sscop -- SSCOP transport protocol
ssh	ssh (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine.
ssh-add	ssh-add -- adds private key identities to the authentication agent
ssh-agent	ssh-agent is a program to hold private keys used for public key authentication (RSA, DSA, ECDSA, Ed25519).
ssh-copy-id	The ssh-copy-id utility copies public keys to a remote host's ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file (creating the file and directory, if required).
ssh-keygen	ssh-keygen -- authentication key generation, management and conversion
ssh-keyscan	ssh-keyscan is a utility for gathering the public SSH host keys of a num ber of hosts.
stat	stat, readlink -- display file status
stdbuf	stdbuf is used to change the initial buffering of standard input, standard output and/or standard error streams for command.
strfile	strfile, unstr -- create a random access file for storing strings
string2key	string2key -- map a password into a key
strings	strings -- print the strings of printable characters in files
strip	strip -- discard information from ELF objects
su	su -- substitute user identity
sum	The sum utility is identical to the cksum utility, except that it de faults to using historic algorithm 1, as described below. It is provided for compatibility only.
svnlite	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnliteadmin	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitebench	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitedumpfilter	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitefsfs	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitelook	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitemucc	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnliterdump	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnliteserve	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnlitesync	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
svnliteversion	svnlite - Subversion command line client tool. Documentation for Subversion and its tools, including detailed usage explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs, historical background, philosophical approaches and reason ings, etc., can be found at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
systat	systat -- display system statistics
tabs	The tabs utility displays a series of characters that clear the hardware terminal tab settings then initialises tab stops at specified positions, and optionally adjusts the margin.
tail	tail -- display the last part of a file
talk	The talk utility is a visual communication program which copies lines from your terminal to that of another user.
/tar	tar -- manipulate tape archives
tcopy	The tcopy utility is designed to copy magnetic tapes.
tee	The tee utility copies standard input to standard output, making a copy in zero or more files.
telnet	The telnet command is used to communicate with another host using the TELNET protocol.
tftp	tftp -- trivial file transfer program
time	The time utility executes and times the specified utility. After the utility finishes, time writes to the standard error stream, (in seconds): the total time elapsed, the time used to execute the utility process and the time consumed by system overhead.
timeout	timeout -- run a command with a time limit
tip	tip -- connect to a remote system
top	top -- display and update information about the top cpu processes
touch	touch -- change file access and modification times
tput	tput, clear -- terminal capability interface
tr	The tr utility copies the standard input to the standard output with substitution or deletion of selected characters.
true	true -- return true value
truncate	truncate -- truncate or extend the length of files
truss	truss -- trace system calls
tset	tset, reset -- terminal initialization
tsort	tsort -- topological sort of a directed graph
tty	tty -- return user's terminal name
type	See the built-in command description in the appropriate shell manual page.
ucmatose	ucmatose - RDMA CM connection and simple ping-pong test.
udaddy	udaddy - RDMA CM datagram setup and simple ping-pong test.
ul	ul -- do underlining
ulimit	See the built-in command description in the appropriate shell manual page.
umask	See the built-in command description in the appropriate shell manual page.
unalias	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
uname	The uname command writes the name of the operating system implementation to standard output. When options are specified, strings representing one or more system characteristics are written to standard output.
uncompress	compress, uncompress -- compress and expand data
unexpand	expand, unexpand -- expand tabs to spaces, and vice versa
unifdef	unifdef, unifdefall -- remove preprocessor conditionals from code
unifdefall	unifdef, unifdefall -- remove preprocessor conditionals from code
uniq	uniq -- report or filter out repeated lines in a file
units	units -- conversion program
unlzma	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
unstr	strfile, unstr -- create a random access file for storing strings
unvis	unvis -- revert a visual representation of data back to original form
unxz	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
unzip	unzip -- extract files from a ZIP archive
unzstd	zstd - zstd, zstdmt, unzstd, zstdcat - Compress or decompress .zst files
uptime	uptime -- show how long system has been running
usbhidaction	usbhidaction -- perform actions according to USB HID controls
usbhidctl	usbhidctl -- manipulate USB HID devices
users	users -- list current users
uudecode	[14] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII data. The b64encode utility is synonymous with uuencode with the -m flag specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with the -m flag specified.
uuencode	[15] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII data. The b64encode utility is synonymous with uuencode with the -m flag specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with the -m flag specified.
vacation	vacation - E-mail auto-responder
verify_krb5_conf	verify_krb5_conf reads the configuration file krb5.conf, or the file given on the command line, parses it, checking verifying that the syntax is not correctly wrong.
vi	ex, vi, view -- text editors; vi is a screen-oriented text editor. ex is a line-oriented text editor. exand vi are different interfaces to the same program, and it is possible to switch back and forth during an edit session. view is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of vi.
view	ex, vi, view -- text editors; vi is a screen-oriented text editor. ex is a line-oriented text editor. exand vi are different interfaces to the same program, and it is possible to switch back and forth during an edit session. view is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of vi.
vis	vis -- display non-printable characters in a visual format
vmstat	vmstat -- report virtual memory statistics
vtfontcvt	vtfontcvt -- convert font files for use by the video console
w	w -- display who is logged in and what they are doing
wait	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
wall	wall -- write a message to users
wc	wc -- word, line, character, and byte count
what	what -- show what versions of object modules were used to construct a file
/whatis	apropos, whatis -- search manual page databases
whereis	The whereis utility checks the standard binary, manual page, and source directories for the specified programs, printing out the paths of any it finds.
which	Shell builtin commands are commands that can be executed within the running shell's process. Note that, in the case of csh(1) builtin commands, the command is executed in a subshell if it occurs as any component of a pipeline except the last.
who	who -- display who is on the system
whoami	whoami -- display effective user id
whois	whois -- Internet domain name and network number directory service
write	write -- send a message to another user
x-terminal-emulator
xargs	xargs -- construct argument list(s) and execute utility
xo	xo -- emit formatted output based on format string and arguments
xstr	xstr -- extract strings from C programs to implement shared strings
xz	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
xzcat	xz, unxz, xzcat, lzma, unlzma, lzcat - Compress or decompress .xz and .lzma files
xzdec	xzdec, lzmadec - Small .xz and .lzma decompressors
xzdiff	zcmp, zdif -- compare compressed files
xzegrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [16]
xzfgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [17]
xzgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [18]
xzless
yacc	Yacc reads the grammar specification in the file filename and generates an LALR(1) parser for it.
yes	yes -- be repetitively affirmative
ypcat	ypcat -- print the values of all keys in a NIS database
ypchfn	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [19]
ypchpass	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [20]
ypchsh	chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user database information [21]
ypmatch	The ypmatch utility prints out the values of one or more keys from the NIS database specified by mapname, which may be a map name or a map nickname.
yppasswd	The passwd, yppasswd utility changes the user's local, Kerberos, or NIS password. If the user is not the super-user, passwd first prompts for the current password and will not continue unless the correct password is entered.
ypwhich	The ypwhich utility tells which NIS server supplies NIS services to a client, or which is the master for a map.
zcat	gzip, gunzip, zcat -- compression/decompression tool using Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
zcmp	zcmp, zdiff -- compare compressed files
zdiff	zcmp, zdiff -- compare compressed files
zegrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [22]
zfgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [23]
zforce	zforce -- force gzip files to have a .gz suffix
zgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [24]
zinject
zless	zmore, zless -- view compressed files
zmore	zmore, zless -- view compressed files
znew	znew -- convert compressed files to gzipped files
zstd	zstd - zstd, zstdmt, unzstd, zstdcat - Compress or decompress .zst files
zstdcat	zstd - zstd, zstdmt, unzstd, zstdcat - Compress or decompress .zst files
zstdegrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [25]
zstdgrep	zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep, lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep, zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep compressed files [26]
zstdless
zstdmt	zstd - zstd, zstdmt, unzstd, zstdcat - Compress or decompress .zst files
zstreamdump	zstreamdump -- filter data in zfs send stream
ztest	ztest - verify the integrity of compressed files
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Welcome}}
+{{Navbar System Administation Utilities}}
+==Introduction==
+Here you will find a lot of small applications, you don't find on your desktop task bar. No starter is there but on your computer. You can use them only on the cli. All commands are connected to the man pages. So you can read how to use them.
+==Content==
 {|class="wikitable" style="width:96.5%;background:#FFFFFF; border:2px solid #008000;text-align:left;padding: 10px"
 |-
-! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|'''Directory'''
+! scope="col" style="width: 100px;"|'''Utility'''
 ! scope="col" style="width: 350px;"|'''Description'''
 |-
-|x
+|addr2line|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=addr2line&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html addr2line] utility translates program addresses	specified by the command line arguments hexaddress to their corresponding source file names      and line numbers.	If no arguments	are given to addr2line,	it will	read     these addresses from standard input.
-|x
+|-
+|alias||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=alias&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html a shell built-in command] The shell maintains a list of aliases  which  can  be  set,  unset  and printed	by  the	 alias	and unalias commands. See [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports]
+|-
+|apply||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=apply&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html apply] utility runs the	named command on each argument argument	in    turn.
+|-
+|apropos||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=apropos&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html apropos] and whatis utilities query manual page	databases generated by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=makewhatis&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports  makewhatis(8)], evaluating expression for each file	in each	database.  By      default, they display the names, section numbers, and description lines     of	all matching manuals.
+|-
+|ar|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ar] utility creates and	maintains groups of files combined into	an ar     chive.  Once an archive has been created, new files can be	added to it,     and existing files	can be extracted, deleted or replaced.
+|-
+|as||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=as&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html AS]  the	portable GNU assembler
+|-
+|asa||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=asa&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html asa] utility reads files sequentially, mapping FORTRAN carriage-control characters to	line-printer control sequences,	and writes them	to the      standard output.
+|-
+|asn1_compile||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=asn1&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ASN.1] library contains	routines to handle ASN.1 encoding for SNMP.  It	supports only the restricted form of ASN.1 as required by SNMP.
+|-
+|at||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=at&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html at and	batch] utilities	read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed	at a later time, using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sh(1)].
+|-
+|atq||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=at&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html at and	batch] utilities	read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed	at a later time, using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sh(1)].
+|-
+|atrm||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=at&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html at and	batch] utilities	read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed	at a later time, using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sh(1)].
+|-
+|awk||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=awk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html awk] scans each input file for lines that match any	of a set of patterns      specified literally in prog or in one or more files specified as -f     progfile.	With each pattern there	can be an associated action that will     be	performed when a line of a file	matches	the pattern.
+|-
+|b64decode||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=b64decode&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files      over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII     data.  The	b64encode utility is synonymous	with uuencode with the -m flag
+specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with	the -m     flag specified.
+|-
+|b64encode||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=b64decode&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files      over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII     data.  The	b64encode utility is synonymous	with uuencode with the -m flag specified. The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with	the -m     flag specified.
+|-
+|banner||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=banner&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Banner] prints a large, high quality banner	on the standard	output.	 If      the message is omitted, it	prompts	for and	reads one line of its standard      input.
+|-
+|basename||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=basename&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html basename, dirname] return filename or directory portion of pathname
+|-
+|batch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=at&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html at and	batch] utilities	read commands from standard input or a specified file which are to be executed	at a later time, using [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sh(1)].
+|-
+|bc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bc] is an interactive processor for	a language which resembles C but pro     vides unlimited precision arithmetic.  It takes input from	any expressions on the command line and any files given, then reads the standard     input.
+|-
+|bg||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|biff||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=biff&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html biff] utility informs the system whether you want to be	notified on      your terminal when	mail arrives.
+|-
+|brandelf||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=brandelf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html brandelf] utility marks	an ELF binary to be run	under a	certain	ABI      for FreeBSD.
+|-
+|bsdcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsdcat] typically takes a filename as an argument or reads standard	input      when used in a pipe. In both cases	decompressed data it written to	standard output.
+|-
+|bsdcpio||cpio copies files between archives	and directories.  This implementation      can extract from tar, pax,	cpio, zip, jar,	ar, and	ISO 9660 cdrom images     and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar,	and shar archives.
+|-
+|bsdiff||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdiff&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsdiff]	utility	compares oldfile to newfile and	writes to patchfile a      binary patch suitable for use by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bspatch&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports bspatch(1)].  When	ldfile	and newfile     are two versions of an executable program,	the patches produced are on      average a factor of five smaller than those produced by any other binary     patch tool	known to the author.
+|-
+|bsdtar||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdtar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tar] creates and manipulates streaming archive files.  This	implementation      can extract from tar, pax,	cpio, zip, jar,	ar, xar, rpm, 7-zip, and ISO     9660 cdrom	images and can create tar, pax,	cpio, ar, zip, 7-zip, and shar     archives.
+|-
+|bsnmpget||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsnmpget&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset] are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
+|-
+|bsnmpset||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsnmpget&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset] are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
+|-
+|bsnmpwalk||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsnmpget&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsnmpget, bsnmpwalk and bsnmpset] are simple tools for retrieving management information from and setting management information to a Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) agent.
+|-
+|bspatch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bspatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bspatch] utility generates newfile from	oldfile	and patchfile where      patchfile is a binary patch built by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bsdiff&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports bsdiff(1)].
+|-
+|bthost|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bthost&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bthost]	utility	looks for information about Bluetooth hosts and	Protocol Service Multiplexor (PSM) values.  It gets this information from the   <code>  /etc/bluetooth/hosts</code> and <code>/etc/bluetooth/protocols</code> files.
+|-
+|btsockstat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=btsockstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html btsockstat] utility symbolically displays the contents of various      Bluetooth sockets related data structures.	 There are few output formats,     depending on the options for the information presented.  The btsockstat utility will print	results	to the standard	output and error messages to      the standard error.
+|-
+|bunzip2||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bunzip2&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bzip2]  compresses  files	 using	the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text        compression algorithm, and Huffman coding.   Compression	 is  generally       considerably   better   than   that   achieved	by  more  conventional       LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and	approaches the performance of the  PPM family of statistical compressors.
+|-
+|byacc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=byacc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Yacc] reads the grammar specification in the file	filename and generates        an  LALR(1)  parser  for	 it.   The parsers consist of a	set of LALR(1)       parsing tables and a driver routine written in the C  programming  language.  Yacc normally writes the	parse tables and the driver routine to the file	y.tab.c.
+|-
+|bzcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  bzcat] - decompresses files to stdout
+|-
+|bzegrep|| zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|bzfgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|bzgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|bzip2||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzip2&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bzip2]  compresses  files	 using	the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text        compression algorithm, and Huffman coding.   Compression	 is  generally       considerably   better   than   that   achieved	by  more  conventional       LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and	approaches the performance of the  PPM family of statistical compressors.
+|-
+|bzip2recover||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzip2&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bzip2]  compresses  files	 using	the Burrows-Wheeler block sorting text        compression algorithm, and Huffman coding.   Compression	 is  generally       considerably   better   than   that   achieved	by  more  conventional       LZ77/LZ78-based compressors, and	approaches the performance of the  PPM family of statistical compressors.
+|-
+|bzless||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzless&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bzmore,	bzless]  file	 perusal  filter for crt viewing of bzip2 compressed text
+|-
+|c89||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=c89&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html c89] -- POSIX.2 C language compiler
+|-
+|c99||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=c99&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html c99] -- standard C language compiler
+|-
+|caesar||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=caesar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html caesar]	utility	attempts to decrypt caesar ciphers using English letter frequency statistics.	Caesar reads from the standard input and    writes to the standard output.
+The optional numerical argument rotation may be used to specify a specific rotation value.  If invoked as [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=caesar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rot13], a rotation value of 13	will
+be	used.
+|-
+|cal||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cal&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cal, ncal] -- displays a calendar and the date of Easter
+|-
+|calenda||Unknown command calenda
+|-
+|cap_mkdb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cap_mkdb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cap_mkdb] utility builds a hashed database out of the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getcap&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports getcap(3)] logical database constructed by the concatenation of the specified files.
+|-
+|CC||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html clang]  is  a C, C++, and	Objective-C compiler which encompasses preprocessing,	parsing, optimization, code generation,	assembly, and linking.
+|-
+|cd||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|chat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html chat] program defines a	conversational exchange	between	the computer and the modem.  Its primary purpose is to establish the connection	between the Point-to-Point Protocol Daemon (pppd) and the remote's pppd process.
+|-
+|chfn||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|chgrp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chgrp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html chgrp] utility sets the	group ID of the	file named by each file	oper   and to the	group ID specified by the group	operand.
+|-
+|chkey||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chkey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html chkey] utility prompts the user	for their login	password, and uses it     to	encrypt	a new encryption key for the user to be	stored in the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=publickey&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports publickey(5)] database.
+|-
+|chpass||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|chsh||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|cksum||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cksum&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cksum] utility writes to the standard output three whitespace sepa rated fields for each input file.	These fields are a checksum CRC, the
+total number of octets in the file	and the	file name.  If no file name is specified,	the standard input is used and no file name is written.
+|-
+|clear||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clear&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tput, clear] -- terminal capability	interface
+|-
+|cmp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cmp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cmp] utility compares two files	of any type and	writes the results to the standard output.  By default, cmp is silent if	the files are the same; if they differ, the byte and line number at which the first difference occurred is reported.
+|-
+|col||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=col&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html col] utility filters out reverse (and half reverse) line feeds so that the output	is in the correct order	with only forward and half forward line feeds, and replaces white-space characters with tabs where possible. This can be useful	in processing the output of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nroff&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports nroff(1)] and [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tbl&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports tbl(1)].
+|-
+|colldef||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=colldef&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html colldef] utility converts a collation sequence source definition into  a format usable by	the strxfrm() and strcoll() functions.	It is used to  define the	many ways in which strings can be ordered and collated
+|-
+|colrm||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=colrm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html colrm] utility removes selected	columns	from the lines of a file.  A  column is defined as a single character in a line.	 Input is read from the standard input.  Output is written to the standard output.
+|-
+|column||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=column&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html column]	utility	formats	its input into multiple	columns.  Rows are filled before columns.  Input is taken from file operands,	or, by default, from the standard input.  Empty lines are ignored.
+|-
+|comm||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=comm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html comm] utility reads file1 and file2, which should be sorted lexically, and produces three	text columns as	output:	lines only in file1; lines only in file2; and	lines in both files.
+|-
+|command||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|compile_et||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|compress||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uncompress&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html compress, uncompress] -- compress and expand data
+|-
+|cpio||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpio&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cpio] copies files between archives	and directories.  This implementation can extract from tar, pax,	cpio, zip, jar,	ar, and	ISO 9660 cdrom images     and can create tar, pax, cpio, ar,	and shar archives.
+|-
+|cpp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html clang]  is  a C, C++, and	Objective-C compiler which encompasses preprocessing,	parsing, optimization, code generation,	assembly, and linking.  Depending  on  which high-level mode setting is passed, Clang will stop       before doing a full link.  While	Clang is highly	integrated, it is  important	to  understand the stages of compilation, to understand	how to   invoke it.
+|-
+|cpuset||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cpuset&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cpuset] command	can be used to assign processor	sets to	processes, run commands constrained to a given set or list of processors and memory domains, and	query information about	processor binding, memory binding and  policy, sets, and available processors and	memory domains in the system.
+|-
+|crontab||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crontab&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html crontab] utility is the	program	used to	install, deinstall or list the tables used to drive the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cron&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports cron(8)] daemon in	Vixie Cron.  Each user can   have their	own crontab, and though	these are files	in /var, they are not   intended to be edited directly.
+|-
+|crunchgen||A [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crunchgen&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html crunched] binary is a program made up of many other programs linked together into a single executable.  The crunched binary main() function determines which component program to run by	the contents of	argv[0].  The    main reason to crunch programs together is	for fitting as many programs  as	possible onto an installation or system	recovery floppy.
+|-
+|crunchide||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crunchide&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html crunchide] utility hides the global symbols of object-file such	that   they are ignored by subsequent runs of the	linker,	ld(1).	Some symbols   may be left visible via the -k keep-symbol	and -f keep-list-file options.   The keep-list-file	must contain a list of symbols to keep visible,	one   symbol per	line.  The names given by keep-symbol or in keep-list-file     should be C names.	 For example, to keep the C function "foo" visible,     the option	"-k foo" should	be used.
+|-
+|crypt||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crypt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html enigma] utility, also known as crypt is	a very simple '''encryption program''', working on a	"secret-key" basis.  It	operates as a filter, i.e., it     encrypts or decrypts a stream of data from	standard input,	and writes the     result to standard	output.	 Since its operation is	fully symmetrical,     feeding the encrypted data	stream again through the engine	(using the    same secret key) will decrypt it.
+|-
+|csplit||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csplit&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html csplit] utility	'''splits file into pieces'''	using the patterns args.
+|-
+|ctags|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctags&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ctags] utility makes a tags file for [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ex&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ex(1)] from	the specified C, Pascal, Fortran, [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yacc&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports yacc(1)], [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lex&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports lex(1)] and	Lisp sources.  A tags file gives the     locations of specified objects in a group of files.
+|-
+|ctfconvert||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctfconvert&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ctfconvert] utility converts debug information from a binary file to CTF data and replaces the debug section of	that file with a CTF section    called SUNW_ctf.  This new	section	is added to the	input file, unless the -o ption is present.  You	can also opt to	keep the original debugging      section with the -g option
+|-
+|ctfdump||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctfdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ctfdump] utility dumps the contents of the CTF data section (SUNW_ctf)   present in	an ELF binary file.  This section was previously created with     [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctfconvert&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ctfconvert(1)] or [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctfmerge&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports ctfmerge(1)].
+|-
+|ctfmerge||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctfmerge&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports] The ctfmerge utility merges several CTF data sections from	several	files      into one output file, unifying common data.
+|-
+|ctlstat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ctlstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ctlstat] utility provides statistics information for the CAM Target      Layer.  The first display (except for dump	and JSON modes)	shows average    statistics	since system startup.  Subsequent displays show	average	statistics during the	measurement interval.
+|-
+|cu||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cu&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cu] utility establishes	a full-duplex connection to another machine,  giving the	appearance of being logged in directly on the remote CPU.  It     goes without saying that you must have a login on the machine (or equivalent) to which you	wish to	connect.
+|-
+|cut||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cut&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cut] utility cuts out selected portions	of each	line (as specified by  list) from	each file and writes them to the standard output.  If no file    arguments are specified, or a file	argument is a single dash (`-'), cut   reads from	the standard input.  The items specified by list can be	in    terms of column position or in terms of fields delimited by a special    character.	 Column	and field numbering start from 1.
+|-
+|dc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dc] -- desk	calculator
+|-
+|dialog||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dialog&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Dialog] is a program that will let you to	present	a variety of questions   or display messages using dialog	boxes  from  a	shell  script.
+|-
+|diff||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=diff&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html diff] utility compares the contents of file1 and file2 and writes to    the standard output the list of changes necessary to convert one file  into the other.
+|-
+|diff3||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=diff3&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Compare] three files line by line.
+|-
+|dirname||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=basename&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html basename, dirname] return filename or directory portion of pathname
+|-
+|dpv||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dpv&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  dpv] provides a dialog progress view, allowing a user to see current  throughput rate and total data transferred	for one	or more	streams.
+|-
+|drill||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=drill&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html drill]  is a tool	to designed to get all sorts of	information out	of the DNS. It is specificly designed to be used with DNSSEC.
+|-
+|dtc||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dtc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dtc] utility converts between flattened	device tree (FDT) representations.  It	is most	commonly used to generate device tree blobs (DTB), the  binary representation of an FDT, from device tree sources (DTS), the   ASCII text	source representation.
+|-
+|du||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=du&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html du] utility displays the file system block usage for each file argument and for each directory in the	file hierarchy rooted in each directory argument.  If	no file	is specified, the block	usage of the hierarchy  rooted in the current directory is	displayed.
+|-
+|edit||The  command  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edit&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ee] is a simple screen oriented text editor.  It is	always  in text insertion mode unless there is a	prompt at the  bottom  of  the  terminal,  or  a	menu present (in a box in the middle of	the terminal).  The command ree is the same as ee, but restricted to editing the	 named       file (no	file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
+|-
+|ee||The  command  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=edit&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ee] is a simple screen oriented text editor.  It is	always  in text insertion mode unless there is a	prompt at the  bottom  of  the  terminal,  or  a	menu present (in a box in the middle of	the terminal).  The command ree is the same as ee, but restricted to editing the	 named       file (no	file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
+|-
+|egrep||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=egrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html grep,  egrep,  fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep] -   print lines matching a pattern
+|-
+|elf2aout||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=elf2aout&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html elf2aout] utility is used to convert an	ELF formatted binary, namely a      kernel, to	an a.out formatted one.	 Most OpenBoot firmware	require	an     a.out format or FCode boot	image and this utility is designed to accommodate.  If infile is not in	ELF format, an error message will be presented.
+|-
+|elfdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=elfdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html elfdump ]--	display	information about ELF files
+|-
+|enigma||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=crypt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html enigma] utility, also known as crypt is	a very simple '''encryption program''', working on a	"secret-key" basis.  It	operates as a filter, i.e., it     encrypts or decrypts a stream of data from	standard input,	and writes the     result to standard	output.	 Since its operation is	fully symmetrical,     feeding the encrypted data	stream again through the engine	(using the    same secret key) will decrypt it.
+|-
+|env||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=env&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html env] utility executes another utility after modifying the environment    as	specified on the command line.	Each name=value	option specifies the     setting of	an environment variable, name, with a value of value.  All such environment variables	are set	before the utility is executed.
+|-
+|etdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=etdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html etdump] -- Dump El Torito boot catalog information from ISO	images
+|-
+|ex||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors; vi	is a screen-oriented text editor.  '''ex''' is a line-oriented text editor. '''ex'''and '''vi''' are different interfaces	to the same program, and it is possible to switch back	and forth during an edit session.  '''view	'''is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of	vi.
+|-
+|expand||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=expand&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html expand, unexpand] -- expand	tabs to	spaces,	and vice versa
+|-
+|factor||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=factor&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Factor]  prints  number  and its prime factors, each repeated the	proper number of times.
+|-
+|false||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|fc||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|fetch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fetch] utility provides	a command-line interface to the	[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fetch&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports fetch(3)] library.  Its purpose is to retrieve	the file(s) pointed to by the URL(s)     on	the command line.
+|-
+|fg||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|fgrep||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=egrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html grep,  egrep,  fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep] -   print lines matching a pattern
+|-
+|file||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=file&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html file] tests	each argument in an attempt to classify	it.  There are three  sets of tests, performed in this order:  filesystem	tests, magic tests,      and language tests.  The first test that succeeds causes the file type to     be	printed.
+|-
+|file2c||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=file2c&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html file2c] utility	reads a	file from stdin	and writes it to stdout, converting each byte to its decimal or hexadecimal representation on the fly.  The byte values are separated by a comma.  This also	means that the last byte value is	not followed by	a comma.  By default the byte values are printed in decimal, but when the -x option is given, the values will  be	printed	in hexadecimal.	 When -s option	is given, each line is printed     with a leading tab	and each comma is followed by a	space except for the     last one on the line.
+|-
+|find||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=find&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html find] utility recursively descends the directory tree for each path     listed, evaluating	an expression (composed	of the "primaries" and     "operands"	listed below) in terms of each file in the tree.
+|-
+|finger||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=finger&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html finger] utility	displays information about the system users.
+|-
+|flex||This manual describes [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=flex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html flex], a tool for generating programs that perform pattern-matching	on text.
+|-
+|flex++||
+|-
+|fmt||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fmt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fmt] -- simple text	formatter
+|-
+|fold||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fold&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fold] utility is a filter which	folds the contents of the specified      files, or the standard input if no	files are specified, breaking the     lines to have a maximum of	80 columns.
+|-
+|fortune||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fortune&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  Fortune] prints	a  one-line  aphorism  chosen at random.  If a file is        specified, the saying is	taken from that	file; otherwise	it is selected       from /usr/local/plan9/lib/fortunes.
+|-
+|from||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=from&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html from] utility prints out the mail header lines from the	invoker's     mailbox.
+|-
+|fstat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fstat] utility identifies open files.  A file is considered open by a      process if	it was explicitly opened, is the working directory, root directory, jail root	directory, active executable text, or kernel trace file for that process.  If	no options are specified, fstat	reports	on all  open files	in the system.
+|-
+|fsync||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fsync&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fsync] utility causes all the modified data and	meta-data of all the files named on the	command	line to	be written to a	permanent storage device.
+|-
+|ftp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ftp] -- Internet file transfer program
+|-
+|fuser||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fuser&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fuser] -- list IDs of all processes	that have one or more files open
+|-
+|gate-ftp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ftp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ftp] -- Internet file transfer program
+|-
+|gcore||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gcore&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gcore] -- get core images of running process
+|-
+|gencat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gencat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gencat] -- NLS catalog compiler
+|-
+|getaddrinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getaddrinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html getaddrinfo] -- resolve names to socket addresses
+|-
+|getconf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getconf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html getconf] --	retrieve standard configuration	variables
+|-
+|getent||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getent&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html getent] -- get entries from	administrative database
+|-
+|getopt||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getopt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html getopt] -- parse command options
+|-
+|getopts||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|gnugrep||
+|-
+|gprof||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gprof&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gprof] utility produces	an execution profile of	C, Pascal, or Fortran77 programs.
+|-
+|grdc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=grdc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html grdc] runs a digital clock made of reverse-video blanks on a curses	compatible VDU screen.
+|-
+|grep||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=egrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html grep,  egrep,  fgrep, zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep] -   print lines matching a pattern
+|-
+|groups||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=groups&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html groups] utility	has been obsoleted by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=id&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports id(1)]	utility, and is	equivalent to "id -Gn [user]".	The command "id	-p" is suggested for normal   interactive use
+|-
+|gunzip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gunzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gzip, gunzip, zcat] -- compression/decompression tool using	Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
+|-
+|gzcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gunzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gzip, gunzip, zcat] -- compression/decompression tool using	Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
+|-
+|gzexe||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gzexe&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gzexe] -- create auto-decompressing	executables
+|-
+|gzip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gunzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gzip, gunzip, zcat] -- compression/decompression tool using	Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
+|-
+|hash||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hash&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html shell built-in commands]
+|-
+|hd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html hexdump] utility is a filter which displays the	specified files, or  the standard input, if no files are specified, in a user specified	format.
+|-
+|head||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=head&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html head] -- display first lines of a file
+|-
+|hexdump||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=hd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html hexdump] utility is a filter which displays the	specified files, or  the standard input, if no files are specified, in a user specified	format.
+|-
+|host||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=host&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html host] is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups.  It is normally used  to	convert	names to IP addresses and vice versa.
+|-
+|hxtool||
+|-
+|ibstat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibstat]  is  a binary which displays basic information obtained from the local IB	driver.	Output includes	LID, SMLID, port state,	link width active, and port physical state.
+|-
+|ibv_asyncwatch||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_asyncwatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibv_asyncwatch] -	display	asynchronous events
+|-
+|ibv_devices||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_devices&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibv_devices] - list RDMA devices
+|-
+|ibv_devinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_devinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Print information] about RDMA devices available for use from userspace.
+|-
+|ibv_rc_pingpong||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_rc_pingpong&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Run]  a simple ping-pong test over InfiniBand via the reliable connected     (RC) transport.
+|-
+|ibv_srq_pingpong||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_srq_pingpong&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibv_srq_pingpong] run a simple ping-pong test over	InfiniBand via the reliable  connected (RC)  transport,	 using	multiple queue pairs (QPs) and a single	shared    receive queue (SRQ).
+|-
+|ibv_uc_pingpong||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_uc_pingpong&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibv_uc_pingpong] - simple	InfiniBand UC transport	test
+|-
+|ibv_ud_pingpong||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ibv_ud_pingpong&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ibv_ud_pingpong] - simple	InfiniBand UD transport	test
+|-
+|iconv||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iconv&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html iconv] -- codeset conversion utility
+|-
+|id||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=id&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html id] -- return user identity
+|-
+|ident||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ident&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ident] -- identify RCS keyword string in files
+|-
+|indent||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=indent&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html indent] -- indent and format C program source
+|-
+|install||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=install&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html install] --	install	binaries
+|-
+|ipcrm||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipcrm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ipcrm] -- remove the specified message queues, semaphore sets, and shared      segments
+|-
+|ipcs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ipcs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ipcs] -- report System V interprocess communication	facilities status
+|-
+|iscsictl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iscsictl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html iscsictl] -- iSCSI initiator management utility
+|-
+|jobs||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|join||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=join&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html join] -- relational	database operator
+|-
+|jot||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=jot&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  jot] -- print sequential or	random data
+|-
+|kadmin||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kadmin&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kadmin] -	Kerberos V5 database administration program
+|-
+|kcc||
+|-
+|kdestroy||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kdestroy&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kdestroy] -- remove	one credential or destroy the current ticket file
+|-
+|kdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kdump] -- display kernel trace data
+|-
+|/usr/bin/keylogin||The [https://wiki.ghostbsd.org/index.php?title=/usr/bin/&action=edit&section=2 keylogin] utility prompts the user for their login password, and uses it	to decrypt the user's secret key stored	in the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=publickey&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports publickey(5)] database.  Once decrypted, the user's	key is stored by the local key server process   [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=keyserv&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports keyserv(8)] to be used by any secure network services, such	as NFS.
+|-
+|keylogout||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=keylogout&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html keylogout] utility deletes the key stored by the key server process [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=keyserv&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports   keyserv(8)] to be used by any secure network services, such	as NFS.	 Further access to the	key is revoked,	however	current	session	keys may remain valid	till they expire, or are refreshed.  This option will cause     any background jobs that need secure RPC services to fail,	and any	scheduled at jobs that need the	key to fail.  Also since only one copy is kept   on	a machine of the key, it is a bad idea to place	this in	your ''.logout''    file since	it will	affect other sessions on the same machine.
+|-
+|kf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kf	]-- securely forward tickets
+|-
+|kgetcred||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kgetcred&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kgetcred] obtains a	ticket for a service.  Usually tickets for services   are obtained automatically	when needed but	sometimes for some odd reason  you want to obtain	a particular ticket or of a special type.
+|-
+|killall||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=killall&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html killall] utility kills processes selected by name, as opposed to the      selection by PID as done by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kill&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports kill(1)].
+|-
+|kinit||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kinit&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kinit] -- acquire initial tickets
+|-
+|klist||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=klist&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html klist] -- list Kerberos credentials
+|-
+|kpasswd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kpasswd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kpasswd] --	Kerberos 5 password changing program
+|-
+|krb5-config||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=krb5-config&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html krb5-config] -- give information on	how to link code against Heimdal libraries
+|-
+|ksu||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ksu&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ksu] - Kerberized	super-user
+|-
+|kswitch||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=kswitch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html kswitch] --	switch between default credential caches
+|-
+|ktrace||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ktrace&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ktrace] -- enable kernel process tracing
+|-
+|ktrdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ktrdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ktrdump] --	print kernel ktr trace buffer
+|-
+|lam||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lam&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lam] utility copies the	named files side by side onto the standard output.  The n-th input lines from	the input files	are onsidered fragments of the single long n-th output line into which they are assembled. The name `-' means	the standard input, and	may be repeated.
+|-
+|last||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=last&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html last] utility will either list the sessions of specified users,	ttys,      and hosts,	in reverse time	order, or list the users logged	in at a	specified date and time.
+|-
+|lastcomm||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lastcomm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lastcomm] -- show last commands executed
+|-
+|leave||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=leave&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html leave] -- remind you when you have to leave
+|-
+|less||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=less&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Less] is a program similar to [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=more&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports more (1)], but which	allows backward	 move ment in the file	as well	as forward movement.  Also, less does not have  to read the entire input	file before  starting,	so  with  large	 input      files  it  starts  up  faster than text editors like [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vi&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports vi (1)].
+|-
+|lessecho||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lessecho&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lessecho] is a program that simply echos	its arguments on standard output.  But any metacharacter in the output is preceded  by  an  "escape"   character, which	by default is a	backslash.
+|-
+|lesskey||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lesskey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lesskey] - specify key bindings for less
+|-
+|lesspipe.sh||
+|-
+|lex||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html flex, lex] - fast	lexical	analyzer generator
+|-
+|lex++||
+|-
+|limits||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=limits&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html limits] utility	either prints or sets kernel resource limits, and may      optionally	set environment	variables like [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=env&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports env(1)] and run a	program	with     the selected resources.
+|-
+|locale||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=locale&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html locale] -- get locale-specific information
+|-
+|localedef||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=localedef&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html localedef] utility converts source definitions for locale categories into a format usable by the functions and utilities whose operational behavior is determined by the setting of the locale environment variables; see [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=environ&sektion=7&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports environ(7)].
+|-
+|locate||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=locate&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html locate]	program	searches a database for	all pathnames which match the   specified pattern.
+|-
+|lock||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lock&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lock] utility requests a password from the user, reads it again	for  verification and then will	normally not relinquish	the terminal until the  password is repeated.  There are two other	conditions under which it will terminate:	it will	timeout	after some interval of time and	it may be  killed by someone with the	appropriate permission.
+|-
+|lockf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lockf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lockf] -- execute a	command	while holding a	file lock
+|-
+|logger||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=logger&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html logger] -- make entries in the system log
+|-
+|login||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|logins||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=logins&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html logins] -- display account information
+|-
+|logname||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=logname&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html logname] --	display	user's login name
+|-
+|look||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=look&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html look] -- display lines beginning with a given string
+|-
+|lorder||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lorder&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lorder] utility	uses [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nm&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports nm(1)] to determine	interdependencies in the list  of	object files and library archives specified on the command line.  The     lorder utility outputs a list of file names where the first file contains     a symbol which is defined by the second file.
+|-
+|lp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lp] utility is a front-end to the print	spooler	as required by the      IEEE Std 1003.2 ("POSIX.2") specification.	 It effectively	invokes	[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lpr&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports lpr(1)]     with the proper set of arguments.
+|-
+|lpq||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lpq&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lpq] -- spool queue	examination program
+|-
+|lpr||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lpr&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports lpr(1)]-- off	line print
+|-
+|lprm||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lprm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lprm] utility will remove a job, or jobs, from a printer's spool queue.
+|-
+|lsvfs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lsvfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lsvfs] -- list installed virtual file systems
+|-
+|lzcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|lzdec||
+|-
+|lzegrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|lzfgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|lzgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|lzless||
+|-
+|lzma||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|lzmainfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzmainfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html lzmainfo] - show information stored in the .lzma file header
+|-
+|m4||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=m4&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html m4] utility is a macro processor that can be used as a front end to any language (e.g., C, ratfor, fortran, lex, and yacc).  If no input
+files are given, m4 reads from the	standard input,	otherwise files	specified on the command line are processed in the given order. Input files    can be regular files, files in the	m4 include paths, or a single dash (`-'), denoting standard input.  m4 writes the processed text to the    standard output, unless told otherwise.
+|-
+|mail||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mail&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mail, Mail, mailx]-- send and receive mail
+|-
+|Mail||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mail&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mail, Mail, mailx]-- send and receive mail
+|-
+|mailq||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mailq&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Mailq] prints a summary of the mail messages queued for future delivery.
+|-
+|mailx||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mail&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mail, Mail, mailx]-- send and receive mail
+|-
+|make||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=make&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html make] is a program designed	to simplify the	maintenance of other programs. Its input is a list of specifications as to the files upon	which programs  and other files depend.  If no -f makefile	makefile option	is given, make     will try to open `makefile' then `Makefile' in order to find the specifications.
+|-
+|make-roken||
+|-
+|makewhatis||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=makewhatis&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html makewhatis] utility extracts keywords from UNIX	manuals	and indexes them in a database	for fast retrieval by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=apropos&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports apropos(1), whatis(1)], and   [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports man(1)'s -k] option.
+|-
+|man||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=man&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports man] -- display online manual documentation	pages
+|-
+|mandoc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mandoc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mandoc] -- format manual pages
+|-
+|manpath||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=manpath&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html manpath] utility determines the	user's manual search path from the  user's PATH, and local configuration files.  This result is echoed	to the   standard output.
+|-
+|mckey||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mckey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mckey] - RDMA CM multicast setup and simple data transfer	test.
+|-
+|mesg||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mesg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mesg] -- display (do not display) messages from other users
+|-
+|minigzip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=minigzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html minigzip] -- minimal implementation	of the 'gzip' compression tool
+|-
+|ministat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ministat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ministat] command calculates fundamental statistical properties	of numeric data	in the specified files or, if no file is specified, standard   input.
+|-
+|mkcsmapper||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkcsmapper&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkcsmapper] utility generates binary conversion	data from plain	text    conversion	tables for the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iconv&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports iconv(3)] library.
+|-
+|mkdep||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkdep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkdep] utility takes a set of flags for	the C compiler and a list of C   source files as arguments and constructs a	set of include file dependencies which	are written into the file ``.depend''.
+|-
+|mkesdb||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkesdb&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkesdb]	utility	generates conversion catalog for the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=iconv&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports iconv(3)] library.
+|-
+|mkfifo||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkfifo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkfifo] utility	creates	the fifos requested, in	the order specified.
+|-
+|mkimg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkimg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkimg utility] creates a disk image from the raw partition contents  specified with the	partition argument(s) and using	the partitioning     scheme specified with the scheme argument. The disk image	is written to     stdout by default or the file specified with the outfile argument.	 The  image file	is a raw disk image by default,	but the	format of the image   file can be specified with	the format argument.
+|-
+|mklocale||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mklocale&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mklocale] utility reads	a LC_CTYPE source file from standard input and  produces a	LC_CTYPE binary	file on	standard output	suitable for placement  in	/usr/share/locale/language/LC_CTYPE.
+|-
+|mkstr||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkstr&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkstr] utility creates a file containing error messages	extracted from  C source, and restructures the same C source, to utilize the created error message file.
+|-
+|mktemp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mktemp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mktemp]	utility	takes each of the given	file name templates and	overwrites a portion of it to create a	file name.
+|-
+|mkuzip||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mkuzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mkuzip]	utility	compresses a disk image	file so	that the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=geom_uzip&sektion=4&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports geom_uzip(4)]   class will	be able	to decompress the resulting image at run-time.
+|-
+|more||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=more&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html more] - opposite of less
+|-
+|morse||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=morse&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html morse] command reads the given input and reformats it in the form of morse code.  Acceptable input are command line arguments or the standard  input.
+|-
+|msgs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=msgs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html msgs] utility is used to read system messages.	These messages are sent by mailing to	the login `msgs' and should be short pieces of information which are suitable to be read once by most users of	the system.
+|-
+|mt||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=mt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html mt] -- magnetic tape manipulating program
+|-
+|nawk||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nawk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html awk] scans each input file for lines that match any	of a set of patterns     specified literally in prog or in one or more files specified as -f   progfile.
+|-
+|nc||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nc] (or	netcat)	utility	is used	for just about anything	under the sun  involving TCP, UDP, or UNIX-domain	sockets.  It can open TCP connections,  send UDP packets, listen on arbitrary TCP and UDP ports, do port scanning, and deal with both IPv4 and IPv6.
+|-
+|ncal||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cal&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html cal, ncal] -- displays a calendar and the date of Easter
+|-
+|netstat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=netstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html netstat] --	show network status and	statistics
+|-
+|newaliases||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newaliases&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Newaliases]  rebuilds  the  random access	data base for the mail aliases    file /etc/mail/aliases.	It must	be run each time this file is  changed     in order	for the	change to take effect.
+|-
+|newgrp||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newgrp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html newgrp]	utility	creates	a new shell execution environment with modified real and effective group IDs.
+|-
+|newkey||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=newkey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html newkey] -- create a	new key	in the publickey database
+|-
+|nex||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors
+|-
+|nfsstat||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nfsstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nfsstat] command displays statistics kept about	NFS client and server   activity.
+|-
+|nice||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|nl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nl] -- line	numbering filter
+|-
+|nm||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nm&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html nm]	-- display symbolic information	in object files
+|-
+|nohup||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|ntpq||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ntpq&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ntpq] utility program is used to query NTP servers to monitor NTP operations and performance, requesting information about current state    and/or changes in that state.
+|-
+|number||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=number&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html number] utility	prints the English equivalent of the number to the  standard output, with each	10^3 magnitude displayed on a separate line.     If	no argument is specified, number reads lines from the standard input.
+|-
+|nvi||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvi&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors
+|-
+|/nview||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=nvi&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors
+|-
+|objcopy||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=objcopy&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html objcopy] --	copy and translate object files
+|-
+|objdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=objdump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html objdump] - display information from object files.
+|-
+|od||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=od&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html od] utility is a filter	which displays the specified files, or stan dard input	if no files are	specified, in a	user specified format; octal, decimal, hex,	ASCII dump
+|-
+|openssl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=openssl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html OpenSSL] is a cryptography toolkit implementing the Secure Sockets Layer  (SSL v2/v3) and Transport Layer Security	(TLS v1) network protocols and related cryptography standards required by them.
+|-
+|opieinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opieinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opieinfo] takes an optional user name and	 writes	 the  current	sequence  number  and seed found in the	OPIE  key database for	either the current user	or the	user       specified.  opiekey is compatible with the keyinfo(1)       program from Bellcore's S/Key Version 1	except	that specification  of a remote system name is not permitted.
+|-
+|opiekey||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opiekey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5]  - Programs for computing  responses to OTP	challenges
+|-
+|opiepasswd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opiepasswd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiepasswd ]-  Change or set a user's password for the  OPIE authentication system.
+|-
+|otp-md4||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opiekey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5]  - Programs for computing  responses to OTP	challenges
+|-
+|otp-md5||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=opiekey&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiekey, otp-md4, otp-md5]  - Programs for computing  responses to OTP	challenges
+|-
+|otp-sha1||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=otp-sha1&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html opiekey] takes the optional count	of the number of responses to print	along with a (maximum) sequence	number and seed as command line args.
+|-
+|pagesize||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pagesize&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pagesize] utility prints the size of a page of memory in bytes,	as returned by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getpagesize&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports getpagesize(3)]. This program is	useful in constructing portable shell scripts.
+|-
+|passwd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=passwd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html passwd, yppasswd] utility	changes	the user's local, Kerberos, or NIS password. If	the user is not	the super-user,	passwd first prompts for the current  password and will not continue unless the correct password	is entered.
+|-
+|paste||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=paste&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html paste] utility concatenates the	corresponding lines of the given input files, replacing all but the last file's newline characters with a	single  tab character, and	writes the resulting lines to standard output.	If  end-of-file is reached on an input	file while other input files still contain data, the file is treated as if it	were an	endless	source of  empty lines.
+|-
+|patch||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=patch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html patch] will take a patch file containing any of the	four forms of difference listing produced by the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=diff&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports diff(1)] program and apply those differences  to	an original file, producing a patched version.	If patchfile is	omitted, or is	a hyphen, the patch will be read from the standard input.
+|-
+|pathchk||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pathchk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pathchk] utility checks	whether	each of	the specified pathname arguments is valid or portable.
+|-
+|pawd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pawd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pawd] utility is used to print the current working directory, adjusted  to	reflect	proper paths that can be reused	to go through the automounter  for the shortest possible path.  In particular, the path printed back   does not include any of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=amd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports amd(8)'s] local mount points.  Using them is unsafe, because [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=amd&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports amd(8)] may unmount managed file systems from	the mountpoints, and thus including	them in	paths may not always find the files  within.
+|-
+|perror||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=perror&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html perror] -- print an	error number as	a string
+|-
+|pftp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pftp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ftp] -- Internet file transfer program
+|-
+|pgrep||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pgrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pgrep] command searches	the process table on the running system	and  prints the	process	IDs of all processes that match	the criteria given on   the command line.
+|-
+|pkill||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pgrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pkill] command searches	the process table on the running system	and   signals all processes that	match the criteria given on the	command	line.
+|-
+|pmcstudy||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pmcstudy&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pmcstudy] program is designed to run various tests against your	systems performance.	There are roughly 20-22	canned tests that setup	specific PMCs	and then run various formulas on the output information.
+|-
+|pom||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pom&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pom] -- display the	phase of the moon
+|-
+|posixshmcontrol||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=posixshmcontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html posixshmcontrol] --	Control	POSIX shared memory segments
+|-
+|pr||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=pr&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html pr] utility is a printing and pagination filter	for text files.	 When  multiple input files are specified, each is read, formatted, and written  to	standard output.
+|-
+|primes||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=primes&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html primes] prints the sequence of prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7,	11, and	so on, one per line.
+|-
+|printenv||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|printf||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|proccontrol||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=proccontrol&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html proccontrol] command modifies the execution parameter of existing process specified by the pid argument, or starts execution	of the new   program command with the execution	parameter set for it.
+|-
+|procstat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=procstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html procstat] utility displays detailed	information about the processes	identified by the pid arguments, or if	the -a flag is used, all processes.  It	can also display information extracted from a process core file, if the core file is specified	as the argument.
+|-
+|protect||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=protect&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html protect] command is used to mark processes as protected.  The kernel  does not kill protected processes when swap space is exhausted.  Note   that this protected state is not inherited	by child processes by default.
+|-
+|quota||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=quota&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html quota] utility displays	users' disk usage and limits.  By default only   the user quotas are printed.  Disk	block usage and	limits are shown in   1024-byte blocks.
+|-
+|random||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=random&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html random] generates	a random number	between	the two	values given. The  number can be uniform across the	entire range or	it can be a gaussian  distribution around the center of the range (or a named center).
+|-
+|ranlib||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ranlib&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ar, ranlib]	-- manage archives
+|-
+|rctl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rctl] -- display and update	resource limits	database; When called without options, the rctl command writes currently defined      RCTL rules	to standard output.
+|-
+|read||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|readelf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=readelf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html readelf] --	display	information about ELF objects
+|-
+|readlink||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=readlink&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html stat, readlink] -- display file status
+|-
+|ree||The  command  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ree&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ee] is a simple screen oriented text editor.  It is	always in text insertion mode unless there is a	prompt at the  bottom  of  the terminal,  or  a	menu present (in a box in the middle of	the terminal).
+The command '''ree''' is the same as '''ee''', but restricted to editing the	 named file (no	file operations, or shell escapes are allowed).
+|-
+|renice||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=renice&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html renice] -- alter priority of running processes
+|-
+|reset||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=reset&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tset, reset] -- terminal initialization
+|-
+|resizewin||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=resizewin&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html resizewin] utility queries the terminal	emulator for the current window size and updates the size known to the	kernel using the TIOCSWINSZ ioctl.
+|-
+|rev||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rev&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rev] utility copies the	specified files	to the standard	output,	reversing the order of characters in	every line.  If	no files are specified, the standard	input is read.
+|-
+|revoke||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=revoke&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html revoke] -- revoke a	character device
+|-
+|rfcomm_sppd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rfcomm_sppd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rfcomm_sppd] utility is	a Serial Port Profile daemon.  It can operate      in	two modes: client and server.
+|-
+|rgrep||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rgrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rgrep] - a recursive, highlighting grep program
+|-
+|rot13||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=caesar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html caesar]	utility	attempts to decrypt caesar ciphers using English letter frequency statistics.	Caesar reads from the standard input and    writes to the standard output.
+The optional numerical argument rotation may be used to specify a specific rotation value.  If invoked as [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=caesar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rot13], a rotation value of 13	will
+be	used.
+|-
+|rpcgen||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rpcgen&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rpcgen] -- an RPC protocol compiler
+|-
+|rpcinfo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rpcinfo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rpcinfo] --	report RPC information
+|-
+|rping||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rping&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rping] - RDMA CM connection and RDMA ping-pong test.
+|-
+|rs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rs] utility reads the standard input, interpreting each	line as	a row  of	blank-separated	entries	in an array, transforms	the array according to    the options, and writes it	on the standard	output.
+|-
+|rup||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rup&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rup] utility displays a	summary	of the current system status of	a particular host or all hosts on the local network.
+|-
+|ruptime||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ruptime&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ruptime] --	show host status of local machines
+|-
+|rusers||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rusers&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rusers] -- who is logged in	to machines on local network
+|-
+|rwall||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rwall&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rwall] -- send a message to	users logged on	a host
+|-
+|rwho||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rwho&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html rwho] -- who is logged in on local machines
+|-
+|scp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=scp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html scp] -- secure copy	(remote	file copy program)
+|-
+|script||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=script&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html script] utility	makes a	typescript of everything printed on your ter minal.  It	is useful for students who need	a hardcopy record of an	interactive session as proof of	an assignment, as the typescript file can be    printed out later with [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lpr&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports lpr(1)].
+|-
+|sdiff||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sdiff&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sdiff] displays two	files side by side, with any differences between the two highlighted as	follows: new lines are marked with `>';	deleted	lines     are marked	with `<'; and changed lines are	marked with `|'.
+|-
+|sed||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sed&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sed] utility reads the specified files,	or the standard	input if no files are specified, modifying the	input as specified by a	list of	commands.  The input is then written to the standard output.
+|-
+|seq||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=seq&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html seq] -- print sequences of numbers
+|-
+|sftp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sftp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sftp] -- secure file transfer program
+|-
+|shar||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=shar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html shar] -- create a shell archive of files
+|-
+|showmount||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=showmount&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html showmount] utility shows status	information about the NFS server on  host.  By default it prints the names of all hosts	that have NFS file   systems mounted on	the host.
+|-
+|size||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=size&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html size] -- display section sizes and total size of ELF objects
+|-
+|slc||
+|-
+|slick-greeter-check-hidpi||
+|-
+|slick-greeter-set-keyboard-layout||
+|-
+|slogin||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=slogin&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh] (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for   executing commands	on a remote machine.
+|-
+|smbutil||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=smbutil&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html smbutil] command is used to control SMB	requester and issue various  commands.
+|-
+|sockstat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sockstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sockstat] -- list open sockets
+|-
+|soelim||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=soelim&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html soelim] -- interpret .so requests in manpages
+|-
+|sort||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sort&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sort] utility sorts text and binary files by lines.
+|-
+|split||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=split&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html split] -- split a file into	pieces
+|-
+|sscop||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sscop&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sscop] -- SSCOP transport protocol
+|-
+|ssh||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh] (SSH client) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for     executing commands	on a remote machine.
+|-
+|ssh-add||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh-add&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh-add] --	adds private key identities to the authentication agent
+|-
+|ssh-agent||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh-agent&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh-agent] is a program to hold private keys used for public key authentication (RSA, DSA, ECDSA, Ed25519).
+|-
+|ssh-copy-id||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh-copy-id&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh-copy-id] utility copies public keys	to a remote host's   ~/.ssh/authorized_keys file (creating the file and	directory, if required).
+|-
+|ssh-keygen||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh-keygen&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh-keygen]	-- authentication key generation, management and conversion
+|-
+|ssh-keyscan||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ssh-keyscan&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ssh-keyscan] is a utility for gathering the	public SSH host	keys of	a num     ber of hosts.
+|-
+|stat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=readlink&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html stat, readlink] -- display file status
+|-
+|stdbuf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=stdbuf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html stdbuf] is used to change the initial buffering of standard	input, standard output and/or	standard error streams for command.
+|-
+|strfile||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=strfile&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html strfile, unstr] -- create a	random access file for storing strings
+|-
+|string2key||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=string2key&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html string2key] -- map a password into a key
+|-
+|strings||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=strings&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html strings] --	print the strings of printable characters in files
+|-
+|strip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=strip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html strip] -- discard information from ELF objects
+|-
+|su||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=su&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html su] -- substitute user identity
+|-
+|sum||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=cksum&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html sum] utility is	identical to the cksum utility,	except that it de    faults to using historic algorithm	1, as described	below.	It is provided for compatibility only.
+|-
+|svnlite||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnliteadmin||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitebench||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitedumpfilter||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitefsfs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitelook||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitemucc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnliterdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnliteserve||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnlitesync||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|svnliteversion||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=svnlite&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html svnlite] - Subversion command line client	tool. Documentation  for  Subversion  and its tools, including	detailed usage        explanations of the svnlite, svnliteadmin, svnliteserve and svnlitelook programs,  historical  background, philosophical	approaches and reason   ings, etc., can be found	at http://svnbook.red-bean.com/.
+|-
+|systat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=systat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html systat] -- display system statistics
+|-
+|tabs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tabs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tabs] utility displays a series	of characters that clear the hardware terminal tab settings then	initialises tab	stops at specified positions,  and optionally adjusts the	margin.
+|-
+|tail||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tail&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tail] -- display the last part of a	file
+|-
+|talk||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=talk&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html talk] utility is a visual communication	program	which copies lines from your terminal	to that	of another user.
+|-
+|/tar||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tar&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tar] -- manipulate tape archives
+|-
+|tcopy||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tcopy&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tcopy] utility is designed to copy magnetic tapes.
+|-
+|tee||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tee&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tee] utility copies standard input to standard output, making a	copy    in	zero or	more files.
+|-
+|telnet||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=telnet&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html telnet] command	is used	to communicate with another host using the  TELNET protocol.
+|-
+|tftp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tftp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  tftp] -- trivial file transfer program
+|-
+|time||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=time&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  The time] utility executes and times the specified utility.	 After the     utility finishes, time writes to the standard error stream, (in seconds):     the total time elapsed, the time used to execute the utility process and  the time consumed by system overhead.
+|-
+|timeout||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=timeout&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html timeout] --	run a command with a time limit
+|-
+|tip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tip] -- connect to a remote	system
+|-
+|top||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=top&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html top] -- display and	update information about the top cpu processes
+|-
+|touch||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=touch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html touch] -- change file access and modification times
+|-
+|tput||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=clear&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tput, clear] -- terminal capability	interface
+|-
+|tr||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tr&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tr] utility copies the standard	input to the standard output with substitution or deletion of selected characters.
+|-
+|true||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=true&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html true] -- return true value
+|-
+|truncate||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=truncate&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html truncate] -- truncate or extend the	length of files
+|-
+|truss||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=truss&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html truss] -- trace system calls
+|-
+|tset||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=reset&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tset, reset] -- terminal initialization
+|-
+|tsort||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tsort&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tsort] -- topological sort of a directed graph
+|-
+|tty||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=tty&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html tty] -- return user's terminal name
+|-
+|type||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=type&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  See the built-in command] description in the appropriate shell manual   page.
+|-
+|ucmatose||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ucmatose&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ucmatose] - RDMA CM connection and simple	ping-pong test.
+|-
+|udaddy||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=udaddy&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html udaddy] -	RDMA CM	datagram setup and simple ping-pong test.
+|-
+|ul||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ul&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ul] -- do underlining
+|-
+|ulimit||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=type&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  See the built-in command] description in the appropriate shell manual   page.
+|-
+|umask||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=type&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html  See the built-in command] description in the appropriate shell manual   page.
+|-
+|unalias||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|uname||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uname&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html uname] command writes the name of the operating	system implementation to	standard output.  When options are specified, strings representing one    or	more system characteristics are	written	to standard output.
+|-
+|uncompress||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uncompress&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html compress, uncompress] -- compress and expand data
+|-
+|unexpand||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=expand&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html expand, unexpand] -- expand	tabs to	spaces,	and vice versa
+|-
+|unifdef||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unifdef&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html unifdef, unifdefall] -- remove preprocessor	conditionals from code
+|-
+|unifdefall||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unifdef&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html unifdef, unifdefall] -- remove preprocessor	conditionals from code
+|-
+|uniq||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uniq&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html uniq] -- report or filter out repeated lines in a file
+|-
+|units||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=units&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html units] -- conversion program
+|-
+|unlzma||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|unstr||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=strfile&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html strfile, unstr] -- create a	random access file for storing strings
+|-
+|unvis||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unvis&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html unvis] -- revert a visual representation of	data back to original form
+|-
+|unxz||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|unzip||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html unzip] -- extract files from a ZIP archive
+|-
+|unzstd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unzstd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zstd  -	zstd,  zstdmt,	unzstd,	 zstdcat] - Compress or decompress .zst   files
+|-
+|uptime||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=uptime&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html uptime] -- show how	long system has	been running
+|-
+|usbhidaction||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=usbhidaction&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html usbhidaction] -- perform actions according to USB HID controls
+|-
+|usbhidctl||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=usbhidctl&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html usbhidctl] -- manipulate USB HID devices
+|-
+|users||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=users&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html users] -- list current users
+|-
+|uudecode||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=b64decode&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files      over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII     data.  The	b64encode utility is synonymous	with uuencode with the -m flag
+specified.	 The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with	the -m     flag specified.
+|-
+|uuencode||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=b64decode&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html] The uuencode and uudecode utilities are used to transmit binary files      over transmission mediums that do not support other than simple ASCII     data.  The	b64encode utility is synonymous	with uuencode with the -m flag
+specified.	 The b64decode utility is synonymous with uudecode with	the -m     flag specified.
+|-
+|vacation||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vacation&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html vacation] - E-mail auto-responder
+|-
+|verify_krb5_conf||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=verify_krb5_conf&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html verify_krb5_conf] reads the	configuration file krb5.conf, or the file  given on the command line,	parses it, checking verifying that the syntax  is	not correctly wrong.
+|-
+|vi||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors; vi	is a screen-oriented text editor.  '''ex''' is a line-oriented text editor. '''ex'''and '''vi''' are different interfaces	to the same program, and it is possible to switch back	and forth during an edit session.  '''view	'''is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of	vi.
+|-
+|view||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ex&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ex, vi, view] -- text editors; vi	is a screen-oriented text editor.  '''ex''' is a line-oriented text editor. '''ex'''and '''vi''' are different interfaces	to the same program, and it is possible to switch back	and forth during an edit session.  '''view	'''is the equivalent of using the -R (read-only) option of	vi.
+|-
+|vis||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vis&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html vis] -- display non-printable characters in	a visual format
+|-
+|vmstat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vmstat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html vmstat] -- report virtual memory statistics
+|-
+|vtfontcvt||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=vtfontcvt&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html vtfontcvt] -- convert font files for use by	the video console
+|-
+|w||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=w&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html w] -- display who is logged	in and what they are doing
+|-
+|wait||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|wall||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wall&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html wall] -- write a message to	users
+|-
+|wc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=wc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html wc] -- word, line, character, and byte count
+|-
+|what||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=what&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html what] -- show what versions	of object modules were used to construct a  file
+|-
+|/whatis||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whatis&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html apropos, whatis] --	search manual page databases
+|-
+|whereis||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whereis&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html whereis] utility checks	the standard binary, manual page, and source directories for the specified programs, printing out the paths of any it finds.
+|-
+|which||Shell builtin commands are	commands that can be executed within the running shell's process.  Note that, in the case of [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=csh&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports csh(1)] builtin commands, the command is executed in	a subshell if it occurs	as any component of a    pipeline except the last.
+|-
+|who||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=who&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html who] -- display who	is on the system
+|-
+|whoami||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whoami&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html whoami] -- display effective user id
+|-
+|whois||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=whois&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html whois] -- Internet domain name and network number directory	service
+|-
+|write||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=write&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html write] -- send a message to	another	user
+|-
+|x-terminal-emulator||
+|-
+|xargs||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xargs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xargs] -- construct	argument list(s) and execute utility
+|-
+|xo||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xo&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xo] -- emit	formatted output based on format string	and arguments
+|-
+|xstr||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xstr&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xstr] -- extract strings from C programs to	implement shared strings
+|-
+|xz||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|xzcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=lzcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xz],  unxz,  xzcat, lzma, unlzma,	lzcat -	Compress or decompress .xz and   .lzma files
+|-
+|xzdec||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xzdec&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html xzdec, lzmadec] - Small .xz and .lzma decompressors
+|-
+|xzdiff||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=xzdiff&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zcmp, zdif] -- compare compressed files
+|-
+|xzegrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|xzfgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|xzgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|xzless||
+|-
+|yacc||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yacc&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html Yacc] reads the grammar specification in the file	filename and generates        an  [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=LALR&sektion=1&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports LALR(1)]  parser  for	 it.
+|-
+|yes||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=yes&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html yes] -- be repetitively affirmative
+|-
+|ypcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ypcat&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ypcat] -- print the	values of all keys in a	NIS database
+|-
+|ypchfn||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|ypchpass||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|ypchsh||chpass, chfn, chsh, ypchpass, ypchfn, ypchsh -- add or change user	database information [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=chfn&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|ypmatch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ypmatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ypmatch] utility prints	out the	values of one or more keys from	the NIS database specified by mapname,	which may be a map name	or a map nickname.
+|-
+|yppasswd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=passwd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html passwd, yppasswd] utility	changes	the user's local, Kerberos, or NIS password. If	the user is not	the super-user,	passwd first prompts for the current  password and will not continue unless the correct password	is entered.
+|-
+|ypwhich||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ypwhich&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ypwhich] utility tells which NIS server	supplies NIS services to a   client, or	which is the master for	a map.
+|-
+|zcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gunzip&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html gzip, gunzip, zcat] -- compression/decompression tool using	Lempel-Ziv coding (LZ77)
+|-
+|zcmp||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zcmp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zcmp, zdiff] -- compare compressed files
+|-
+|zdiff||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zcmp&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zcmp, zdiff] -- compare compressed files
+|-
+|zegrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|zfgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|zforce||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zforce&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zforce] -- force gzip files	to have	a .gz suffix
+|-
+|zgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|zinject||
+|-
+|zless||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zless&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zmore, zless] -- view compressed files
+|-
+|zmore||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zless&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zmore, zless] -- view compressed files
+|-
+|znew||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=znew&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html znew] -- convert compressed	files to gzipped files
+|-
+|zstd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unzstd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zstd  -	zstd,  zstdmt,	unzstd,	 zstdcat] - Compress or decompress .zst   files
+|-
+|zstdcat||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unzstd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zstd  -	zstd,  zstdmt,	unzstd,	 zstdcat] - Compress or decompress .zst   files
+|-
+|zstdegrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|zstdgrep||zgrep, zegrep, zfgrep, bzgrep, bzegrep, bzfgrep, lzgrep, lzegrep,      lzfgrep, xzgrep, xzegrep, xzfgrep,	zstdgrep, zstdegrep, zstdfgrep -- grep     compressed	files [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bzegrep&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html]
+|-
+|zstdless||
+|-
+|zstdmt||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=unzstd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zstd  -	zstd,  zstdmt,	unzstd,	 zstdcat] - Compress or decompress .zst   files
+|-
+|zstreamdump||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=zstreamdump&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html zstreamdump] -- filter data	in zfs send stream
+|-
+|ztest||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=ztest&apropos=0&sektion=1&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html ztest] - verify the integrity of compressed files
 |-
 !colspan="2"|'''Back to ''' [[image:Icon Disti GhostBSD.png|50px|link=/usr/]]'''usr Directory '''
 |}
+[[Category:Sysutils]]