Difference between revisions of "/sbin/"
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| − | |/sbin/decryptcore|| | + | |/sbin/decryptcore|| The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=decryptcore&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html decryptcore] utility first decrypts keyfile using privatekeyfile and then uses the resulting key to decrypt encryptedcore saved by [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=savecore&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports savecore(8).] The result is saved in core. |
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| − | |/sbin/devd|| | + | |/sbin/devd||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devd] daemon provides a way to have userland programs run when certain kernel events happen. |
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| − | |/sbin/devfs|| | + | |/sbin/devfs||The devfs utility provides an interface to manipulate properties of |
| + | [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devfs&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports devfs(5)] mounts. | ||
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| − | |/sbin/devmatch|| | + | |/sbin/devmatch||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=devmatch&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html devmatch] utility, without any arguments, prints all the kernel modules it has found for all the unattached, enabled devices in the system. |
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| − | |/sbin/dhclient|| | + | |/sbin/dhclient||The [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient] utility provides a means for configuring network interfaces using DHCP, BOOTP, or if these protocols fail, by statically assigning an address. |
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| − | |/sbin/dhclient-script|| | + | |/sbin/dhclient-script||The DHCP client network configuration script is invoked from time to time |
| + | by '''dhclient(8)'''. This script is used by the DHCP client to set each interface's initial configuration prior to requesting an address, to test the address once it has been offered, and to set the interface's final configuration once a lease has been acquired. If no lease is acquired, the script is used to test predefined leases, if any, and also called once if no valid lease can be identified. | ||
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| − | |/sbin/dhcpcd|| | + | |/sbin/dhcpcd||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhcpcd&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhcpcd] is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC 2131. dhcpcd gets the host information (IP address, routes, etc) from a DHCP server and configures the network interface of the machine on which it is running. |
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| − | |/sbin/disklabel|| | + | |/sbin/disklabel||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=disklabel&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html bsdlabel] utility installs, examines or modifies the BSD label on a disk partition, or on a file containing a partition image. In addition, bsdlabel can install bootstrap code. |
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| − | |/sbin/dmesg|| | + | |/sbin/dmesg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dmesg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dmesg] utility displays the contents of the system message buffer. If the -M option is not specified, the buffer is read from the currently running kernel via the [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=3&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl(3)] interface. Otherwise, the buffer is read from the specified core file, using the name list from the specified kernel image (or from the default image). |
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| − | |/sbin/dump|| | + | |/sbin/dump||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dump&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dump] utility examines files on a file system and determines which files need to be backed up. These files are copied to the given disk, tape or other storage medium for safe keeping (see the -f option below for doing remote backups). A dump that is larger than the output medium is broken into multiple volumes. On most media the size is determined by writing until an end-of-media indication is returned. This can be enforced by using the -a option. |
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| − | |/sbin/dumpfs|| | + | |/sbin/dumpfs||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpfs&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpfs] utility prints out the UFS super block and cylinder group in formation for the file system or special device specified, unless the -f, -l or -m flag is specified. The listing is very long and detailed. This command is useful mostly for finding out certain file system information |
| + | such as the file system block size and minimum free space percentage. | ||
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| − | |/sbin/dumpon|| | + | |/sbin/dumpon||The [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpon&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpon] utility is used to configure where the kernel can save a crash dump in the case of a panic. |
| + | System administrators should typically configure dumpon in a persistent fashion using the [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc.conf(5)] variables dumpdev and dumpon_flags. For more information on this usage, see rc.conf(5). | ||
| + | |||
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| − | |/sbin/e2fsck|| | + | |/sbin/e2fsck||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=e2fsck&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html e2fsck] is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling, e2fsck will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock indicates that further checking is required. |
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| − | |/sbin/etherswitchcfg|| | + | |/sbin/etherswitchcfg||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=etherswitchcfg&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html etherswitchcfg] utility is used to configure an Ethernet switch built into the system. |
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| − | |/sbin/fastboot|| | + | |/sbin/fastboot||[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=fastboot&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html fastboot] is a program used to manipulate (list, install, erase) the non-volatile memory such as flash filesystem partitions on devices that adhere to the fastboot protocol, via a USB connection from a host computer. |
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|/sbin/fasthalt|| | |/sbin/fasthalt|| | ||
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|/sbin/swapon|| | |/sbin/swapon|| | ||
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| − | |/sbin/sysctl||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl] utility retrieves kernel state and allows processes with appropriate privilege to set kernel state. The state to be retrieved or set is described using a "Management Information Base" ("MIB") style name, described as a dotted set of components. '''Example:'''<code>sysctl kern.osreldate</code> gives you the last kernel modification and the same result as <code>uname -U</code>. It is related to the FreeBSD release as a numerical output. | + | |/sbin/sysctl||The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=sysctl&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports sysctl] utility retrieves kernel state and allows processes with appropriate privilege to set kernel state. The state to be retrieved or set is described using a "Management Information Base" ("MIB") style name, described as a dotted set of components. '''Example:'''<code>sysctl kern.osreldate</code> gives you the last kernel modification and the same result as <code>uname -U</code>. It is related to the FreeBSD release as a numerical output. See [https://www.leidinger.net/FreeBSD/dox/kern/html/d6/d10/kern__mib_8c_source.html kern.osreldate] |
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|/sbin/tunefs|| | |/sbin/tunefs|| | ||
Revision as of 09:21, 10 February 2020
Welcome to  /sbin/.
|
| This page is in maintenance! Please do not change this page without to contact the author or use Discussion! |
Introduction
System programs and administration utilities fundamental to both single-user and multi-user environments. With other words: What works on your system.
Content
| Directory | Description |
|---|---|
| /sbin/adjkerntz | The adjkerntz utility maintains the proper relationship between the kernel clock, which is always set to UTC and the CMOS clock, which may be set to local time. |
| /sbin/bectl | Utility to manage boot environments on ZFS |
| /sbin/bsdlabel | read and write BSD label |
| /sbin/camcontrol | CAM control program The camcontrol utility is designed to provide a way for users to access and control the FreeBSD CAM subsystem. |
| /sbin/ccdconfig | The ccdconfig utility is used to dynamically configure and unconfigure concatenated disk devices, or ccds. For more information about the ccd, see ccd(4). |
| /sbin/clri | The clri utility is obsoleted for normal file system repair work by fsck(8). |
| /sbin/comcontrol | The comcontrol utility is used to examine and modify some of the special characteristics of the specified tty device. |
| /sbin/conscontrol | The conscontrol utility is used to examine and modify the physical devices which back the virtual console devices. If no arguments (or only the list command) are specified, the current console settings are shown. |
| /sbin/ddb | The ddb utility configures certain aspects of the ddb(4) kernel debugger from user space that are not configured at compile-time or easily via sysctl(8) MIB entries. |
| /sbin/decryptcore | The decryptcore utility first decrypts keyfile using privatekeyfile and then uses the resulting key to decrypt encryptedcore saved by savecore(8). The result is saved in core. |
| /sbin/devd | The devd daemon provides a way to have userland programs run when certain kernel events happen. |
| /sbin/devfs | The devfs utility provides an interface to manipulate properties of
devfs(5) mounts. |
| /sbin/devmatch | The devmatch utility, without any arguments, prints all the kernel modules it has found for all the unattached, enabled devices in the system. |
| /sbin/dhclient | The [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dhclient&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dhclient] utility provides a means for configuring network interfaces using DHCP, BOOTP, or if these protocols fail, by statically assigning an address. |
| /sbin/dhclient-script | The DHCP client network configuration script is invoked from time to time
by dhclient(8). This script is used by the DHCP client to set each interface's initial configuration prior to requesting an address, to test the address once it has been offered, and to set the interface's final configuration once a lease has been acquired. If no lease is acquired, the script is used to test predefined leases, if any, and also called once if no valid lease can be identified. |
| /sbin/dhcpcd | dhcpcd is an implementation of the DHCP client specified in RFC 2131. dhcpcd gets the host information (IP address, routes, etc) from a DHCP server and configures the network interface of the machine on which it is running. |
| /sbin/disklabel | The bsdlabel utility installs, examines or modifies the BSD label on a disk partition, or on a file containing a partition image. In addition, bsdlabel can install bootstrap code. |
| /sbin/dmesg | The dmesg utility displays the contents of the system message buffer. If the -M option is not specified, the buffer is read from the currently running kernel via the sysctl(3) interface. Otherwise, the buffer is read from the specified core file, using the name list from the specified kernel image (or from the default image). |
| /sbin/dump | The dump utility examines files on a file system and determines which files need to be backed up. These files are copied to the given disk, tape or other storage medium for safe keeping (see the -f option below for doing remote backups). A dump that is larger than the output medium is broken into multiple volumes. On most media the size is determined by writing until an end-of-media indication is returned. This can be enforced by using the -a option. |
| /sbin/dumpfs | The dumpfs utility prints out the UFS super block and cylinder group in formation for the file system or special device specified, unless the -f, -l or -m flag is specified. The listing is very long and detailed. This command is useful mostly for finding out certain file system information
such as the file system block size and minimum free space percentage. |
| /sbin/dumpon | The [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=dumpon&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports&arch=default&format=html dumpon] utility is used to configure where the kernel can save a crash dump in the case of a panic.
System administrators should typically configure dumpon in a persistent fashion using the [ttps://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rc.conf&sektion=5&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports rc.conf(5)] variables dumpdev and dumpon_flags. For more information on this usage, see rc.conf(5). |
| /sbin/e2fsck | e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling, e2fsck will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock indicates that further checking is required. |
| /sbin/etherswitchcfg | The etherswitchcfg utility is used to configure an Ethernet switch built into the system. |
| /sbin/fastboot | fastboot is a program used to manipulate (list, install, erase) the non-volatile memory such as flash filesystem partitions on devices that adhere to the fastboot protocol, via a USB connection from a host computer. |
| /sbin/fasthalt | |
| /sbin/fdisk | |
| /sbin/ffsinfo | |
| /sbin/fsck | [1]] The fsck utility invokes file system-specific programs to check the special devices listed in the fstab(5) file or in the command line for consistency. |
| /sbin/fsck_4.2bsd | |
| /sbin/fsck_ext2fs | |
| /sbin/fsck_ffs | |
| /sbin/fsck_msdosfs | |
| /sbin/fsck_ufs | |
| /sbin/fsdb | |
| /sbin/fsirand | |
| /sbin/gbde | |
| /sbin/gcache | |
| /sbin/gconcat | |
| /sbin/geli | |
| /sbin/geom | |
| /sbin/ggatec | |
|
/sbin/ggated|| | |
| /sbin/ggatel | |
| /sbin/gjournal | |
| /sbin/glabel | |
| /sbin/gmirror | |
| /sbin/gmountver | |
| /sbin/gmultipath | |
| /sbin/gnop | |
| /sbin/gpart | |
| /sbin/graid | |
| /sbin/graid3 | |
| /sbin/growfs | |
| /sbin/gsched | |
| /sbin/gshsec | |
| /sbin/gstripe | |
| /sbin/gvinum | |
| /sbin/gvirstor | |
| /sbin/halt | |
| /sbin/hastctl | |
| /sbin/hastd | |
| /sbin/ifconfig | |
| /sbin/init | |
| /sbin/ipf | |
| /sbin/ipfs | |
| /sbin/ipfstat | |
| /sbin/ipfw | |
| /sbin/ipmon | |
| /sbin/ipnat | |
| /sbin/ippool | |
| /sbin/iscontrol | |
| /sbin/kldconfig | |
| /sbin/kldload | |
|
/sbin/kldstat|| | |
| /sbin/kldunload | |
| /sbin/ldconfig | |
| /sbin/md5 | |
| /sbin/mdconfig | |
| /sbin/mdmfs | |
| /sbin/mknod | |
| /sbin/mksnap_ffs | |
| /sbin/mount | |
| /sbin/mount_cd9660 | |
| /sbin/mount_fusefs | |
| /sbin/mount_mfs | |
| /sbin/mount_msdosfs | |
| /sbin/mount_nfs | |
| /sbin/mount_nullfs | |
| /sbin/mount_udf | |
| /sbin/mount_unionfs | |
| /sbin/natd | |
| /sbin/newfs | |
| /sbin/newfs_msdos | |
| /sbin/nextboot | |
| /sbin/nfsiod | |
| /sbin/nologin | |
| /sbin/nos-tun | |
| /sbin/nvmecontrol | |
| /sbin/openrc | |
| /sbin/openrc-run | |
| /sbin/pfctl | |
| /sbin/pflogd | |
| /sbin/ping | |
| /sbin/ping6 | |
| /sbin/poweroff | |
| /sbin/quotacheck | |
| /sbin/rc | |
| /sbin/rc-service | |
| /sbin/rc-update | |
| /sbin/rcorder | |
| /sbin/rdump | |
| /sbin/reboot | |
| /sbin/recoverdisk | |
| /sbin/resolvconf | |
| /sbin/restore | |
| /sbin/rmd160 | |
| /sbin/route | |
| /sbin/routed | |
| /sbin/rrestore | |
| /sbin/rtquery | |
| /sbin/rtsol | |
| /sbin/runscript | |
| /sbin/savecore | |
| /sbin/setkey | |
| /sbin/sha1 | |
| /sbin/sha224 | |
| /sbin/sha256 | |
| /sbin/sha384 | |
| /sbin/sha512 | |
| /sbin/sha512t256 | |
| /sbin/shutdown | |
| /sbin/skein256 | |
| /sbin/skein512 | |
| /sbin/skein1024 | |
| /sbin/spppcontrol | |
| /sbin/start-stop-daemon | |
| /sbin/supervise-daemon | |
| /sbin/swapctl | |
| /sbin/swapoff | |
| /sbin/swapon | |
| /sbin/sysctl | The sysctl utility retrieves kernel state and allows processes with appropriate privilege to set kernel state. The state to be retrieved or set is described using a "Management Information Base" ("MIB") style name, described as a dotted set of components. Example:sysctl kern.osreldate gives you the last kernel modification and the same result as uname -U. It is related to the FreeBSD release as a numerical output. See kern.osreldate
|
| /sbin/tunefs | |
| /sbin/umount | |
| /sbin/zfs | |
| /sbin/zfsbootcfg | |
| /sbin/zpool | |
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| |
