Difference between revisions of "How To"

Latest revision as of 05:58, 7 February 2024

Welcome to the How To

1 Introduction to Tips and Tricks
2 OS related
3 Desktop related
4 Sound related
5 Virtualization
- 5.1 How to install VirtualBox on GhostBSD
- 5.2 What’s the name for the VBox kmod?
6 Software
7 Games
- 7.1 Installing and Setting up Linux Steam on GhostBSD
8 Shell
- 8.1 Question regarding config file of "fish" (shell)
9 Hardware / Kernel / Driver related
10 Network related
11 Security
- 11.1 is anyone know why pf firewall not started after restart? i already put "pf_enable="YES" to `/etc/rc.conf"
12 Files and file systems
13 Mount / unmount
14 System management
15 More tips and tricks
16 How to Report Issues

Introduction to Tips and Tricks[edit]

On this page we will collect some tips and tricks from users to users. It is not always sure, that a tip helps for your issue, but if so, you can comment on the Discussions page or write you solution in this list with your name as source.

It is not a forum. If you have a question and no answer yet, go to GhostBSD Forums.
But if you got a solution for your issues, you are welcome to describe it here in a short way.

Some proposals need to get there own pages, because of there volume. (see the blue links)

OS related[edit]

What Version of GhostBSD Am I Running?[edit]

Post by ericbsd » Mon Jun 01, 2020 7:44 pm on the GhostBSD Forum:

This would be the best way to determine the os version in the future.
I am looking to update the os version from:

sudo pkg info os-generic-userland | grep Version
Version : 12.1.20200505062108,1

To:

sudo pkg info os-generic-userland | grep Version
Version : 20.05.05

If you have a fresh GhostBSD 20.03 installation and cannot install packages[edit]

Try to remove /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/GhostBSD.conf

sudo rm /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/GhostBSD.conf Post on the forum by ericbsd » Fri Apr 24, 2020 8:53 am

How to move from Trident to GhostBSD?[edit]

Here you will find a Step by step tutorial on GitHub.

Migrating ZFS from Linux to FreeBSD[edit]

https://www.unixsheikh.com/tutorials/migrating-zfs-from-linux-to-freebsd.html

How to pack a FreeBSD installation image with custom content[edit]

Packmule packs a FreeBSD installation image with custom content, making it useful for generating install images with all your normal utilities included. The added packages are installed along with the regular contents of FreeBSD. Generated images have the form FreeBSD-*-packed.iso. Installation can proceed as normal with the packed software showing up on the newly installed system alongside the FreeBSD base.

How to install GhostBSD/FreeBSD on a ThinkPad T530.[edit]

Here you will find a guide to a fully functional installation

How to get some information about your running system[edit]

Get some system information, kernel version, release date by using sysctl
With

uname -a
You get: FreeBSD yourname.ghostbsd-pc.home 12.1-STABLE FreeBSD 12.1-STABLE GENERIC amd64
It is a summary of kernel information, you can get with sysctl NAME.

More information to uname on the man page.

How to get more information about your running system[edit]

pkg info | grep os-generic

uname -U

How to upgrade from a prerelease[edit]

Eric Turgeon, [12.03.20 02:07] on Telegram

pkg upgrade -f

Is there a way to burn an .iso on GhostBSD to usb?[edit]

Eric Turgeon [10.09.20 03:51] on Telegram:

sudo dd if=/usr/local/ghostbsd-build/iso/GhostBSD-20.09.06.iso of=/dev/da0 bs=4m

Some tips if you try to set up dualboot[edit]

Eric Turgeon, [19.03.20 21:29] till 19.03.20 21:36] on Telegram

Grub on linux does not see FreeBSD same for Grub on FreeBSD it does not see Linux.
The best thing I have come up with is Refind, but it only work with efi.
You can set up Grub to config file to add GhostBSD, but it is diferent on MBR, GPT, UEFI, legacy boot
If you google it for FreeBSD you will find the way you need to set it.

Lucy Randall, [20.03.20 00:57] till [20.03.20 01:10]on Telegram

Refind is pretty easy.
Copy "loader.efi" to the folder: /EFI/freebsd/ in the ESP partition.
For a temporary solution.

To make it permanently available use EFIFS's UFS2 driver, place it in the "/EFI/refind/driver_x64", and edit the edit the "refind.conf" to distinguish which "/boot/*.efi" should be loaded and visible at boot.
Don't know the exact configuration, but that's the gist.

Filesystem repairs[edit]

Vic Thacker, [24.03.20 09:21] on Telegram [In reply to Lyman Hazelton] Assuming you are using UFS, I would refer to Section 1 (Filesystem repairs) of this document.
https://nsrc.org/workshops/2007/linuxchix-ke/po/recovery/recovery-exercise.pdf

If you have a login prompt loop[edit]

If you type correct password the mate login screen loop after updating mate with pkg update.

Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 11:50] Click on the circle in the login menu box to select another desktop. Then open a terminal and launch 'update-station' to update.

If settings schema org.mate.interface is not installed[edit]

Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 11:59]
rc-service dhcpcd start

Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 12:00]
sudo pkg update -f
sudo pkg upgrade -yf

Desktop related[edit]

How to change the localisation of the MATE desktop[edit]

If you have the MATE desktop in English, but wish to change for example to German, go to the file .profile and fill in the following lines:

CHARSET=UTF-8; export CHARSET LANG=de_DE.UTF-8; export LANG

setxkbmap de

How to adjust lcd screen brightness?[edit]

Eric Turgeon, [02.03.20 14:12] [In reply to Hiencv] acpi_video_load="YES" is needed in /boot/loader.conf for that to work

Neville Goddard, [02.03.20 14:09] [In reply to Hiencv] Does this work? xrandr --output HDMI-0 --brightness 0.9

Hiencv, [02.03.20 14:15] [In reply to Neville Goddard] It works for me. Tks! Did you try to use the brightness from your keyborad? - It doesn't work.

If you are unable to resume your desktop after suspend (lid closed)[edit]

This tips could help:

FreeBSD 12.0 Suspend and Resume
11.13. Power and Resource Management
Neville Goddard, [18.03.20 23:39] on Telegram
Suspend resume worked perfectly on my laptop with GhostBSD and drm-legacy-kmod and Intel graphics

My laptop suddenly shuts down often and my firefox config and sysctl.conf gets reset[edit]

Kitteh | ASK TO TOUCH | they/them, [22.03.20 23:07] on Telegram
My laptop suddenly shuts down often and my firefox config and sysctl.conf gets reset

Vic Thacker, [22.03.20 23:37] on Telegram
[In reply to Kitteh | ASK TO TOUCH | they/them] My first thought is microcode.

$ pkg install devcpu-data

$ vi /boot/loader.conf
cpu_microcode_load="YES"
cpu_microcode_name="/boot/firmware/intel-ucode.bin"

$ reboot

Vic Thacker, [22.03.20 23:38] on Telegram
In the past, I have had servers suddenly shutdown due to a microcode issue. I might be wrong in my assumption, but that is what comes to mind.

Vic Thacker, [22.03.20 23:40] on Telegram
https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Update_Intel_Microcode_on_FreeBSD
I would suggest updating the system's bios, as well.

How to set the correct Timezone[edit]

Use on the CLI as root:
tzsetup

Sound related[edit]

What do I have to do to play mp3 files in Rhythmbox?[edit]

look if you have something missing.

pkg info | grep gstreamer

* gstreamer1-1.16.2              Media applications framework
* gstreamer1-libav-1.16.2        GStreamer plug-in with many audio/video decoders/encoders
* gstreamer1-plugins-1.16.2_1    GStreamer written collection of plugins handling several media types
* gstreamer1-plugins-a52dec-1.16.2 GStreamer ATSC A/52 stream aka AC-3 (dvd audio) plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-bad-1.16.2  GStreamer-plugins that need more quality, testing or documentation
* gstreamer1-plugins-cdparanoia-1.16.2 GStreamer CDDA extraction (aka audio ripping) plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-core-1.16   Core set of typical audio and video GStreamer plugins
* gstreamer1-plugins-dts-1.16.2  GStreamer dts audio decode plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-dvdread-1.16.2_1 GStreamer DVD access plugin with libdvdread
* gstreamer1-plugins-flac-1.16.2 GStreamer free lossless audio encoder/decoder plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-gl-1.16.2_1 GStreamer GL graphics plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-good-1.16.2 GStreamer-plugins good-quality plug-ins
* gstreamer1-plugins-jpeg-1.16.2 GStreamer jpeg encoder/decoder plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-lame-1.16.2 GStreamer High-quality free mp3 encode plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-mpg123-1.16.2 GStreamer MPEG Layer 1, 2, and 3 plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-neon-1.16.2 GStreamer neon http source plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-ogg-1.16.2  GStreamer Ogg bitstream plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-pango-1.16.2 GStreamer pango textoverlay plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-png-1.16.2  GStreamer png plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-resindvd-1.16.2_1 GStreamer resindvd DVD playback plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-soup-1.16.2 GStreamer soup based http input plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-theora-1.16.2 GStreamer theora plugin
* gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-1.16.2 GStreamer-plugins set of good-quality plug-ins that might have distribution problems
* gstreamer1-plugins-vorbis-1.16.2 GStreamer vorbis encoder/decoder plugin

Also you can do
sudo pkg upgrade -f rhythmbox
to see if it will fix it.

Virtualization[edit]

How to install VirtualBox on GhostBSD[edit]

Guide to install VirtualBox on GhostBSD

What’s the name for the VBox kmod?[edit]

pkg list virtualbox-ose-kmod | grep \\.ko

/boot/modules/vboxdrv.ko
/boot/modules/vboxguest.ko
/boot/modules/vboxnetadp.ko
/boot/modules/vboxnetflt.ko
/boot/modules/vboxvfs.ko

vboxdrv.ko is the most important one

Software[edit]

How to find Software on GhostBSD[edit]

Go to GhostBSD Wiki or Applications
Than to Application Management and choose your preferred method for installation.

How to install software?[edit]

Go to Application Management

You have installed an application but no starter is in your application list[edit]

To find the location of your application write the command whereis foo
Right click on your desktop, take application launcher editing, choose a name and select a command
Click on the icon symbol and choose that suits

How to Run Orchestrator on Ghost/FreeBSD[edit]

Use this tip: percona

Using Ports[edit]

"Don't use FreeBSD ports via portsnap on GhostBSD Install it from GhostBSD ports
sudo git clone https://github.com/ghostbsd/ghostbsd-ports/ /usr/ports
Source: ericbsd

Looking for devtools?[edit]

"Devtools are not installed by default" on GhostBSD You have to install them:
sudo pkg install os-generic-userland-devtools Source: ericbsd

Like to change the display manager[edit]

Edit /etc/rc.conf. Put a # before the lightdm_enable="YES" line to disable lightdm. Then put this new line in: gdm_enable="YES"

Migrate from Linux to GhostBSD and take your E-Mails and bookmarks with you[edit]

You would like to move from a Linux OS to GhostBSD and take your settings and E-Mails from Thunderbird and bookmarks from Firefox to GhostBSD.
Go on Linux to .thunderbird and .mozilla in your home directory and safe each folder /xyz.default and insert the contents in the folder /xyz.default-release on GhostBSD. xyz is only a replacement for bk3yc9n7 or something similar.
This worked from Debian to GhostBSD. Tested by Slughorn

Is there a way to block a program for accessing network/internet?[edit]

Vic Thacker, [24.05.20 15:14] on Telegram

Review the files in /usr/share/examples/pf
Copy /usr/share/examples/pf/pf.conf to /etc/pf.conf
Edit /etc/pf.conf to your liking
Add to /etc/rc.conf: pf_enable="YES"
Add to /etc/rc.conf: pf_rules="/etc/pf.conf"

sudo rc-service add pf
sudo rc-service pf start

If i want only a specific program to block access internet[edit]

Vic Thacker on Telegram [24.05.20 16:02]

use sudo with -g switch

GhostBSD has any utility to mount iso image in mate or kde, kind of fusefsiso?[edit]

Vic Thacker on Telegram [25.05.20 02:08]
https://www.jan0sch.de/post/mounting-iso-images-under-freebsd/

Is dsbmd a good tool to try?[edit]

Vic Thacker on Telegram [25.05.20 02:28]
Yes, and it is available. pkg search dsbmd

Games[edit]

Installing and Setting up Linux Steam on GhostBSD[edit]

Use Software Station or pkg command to install linux-steam-utils.

for package:

sudo pkg install linux-steam-utils

If you are using an Nvidia GPU, install the linux-nvidia-libs for the driver you use.

Create a new user account with adduser dedicated for gaming. Do not add it to the wheel group for security reasons.

steam-install

Please, consider setting up a dedicated OS user account for Steam.
Otherwise, each and every Steam game will have unrestricted access to your files.
If you really couldn't care less, you can suppress this message with
--allow-stealing-my-passwords,-browser-history-and-ssh-keys flag.

Make sure all those lines are in /etc/fstab and reboot:

procfs      /proc      procfs    rw    0  0
linprocfs    /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs  rw    0  0
tmpfs /compat/linux/dev/shm tmpfs rw,mode=1777 0 0
linsysfs    /compat/linux/sys   linsysfs rw  0 0
fdesc        /dev/fd            fdescfs  rw  0 0

After rebooting login to your new user open a terminal and run steam-install and steam. Steam will take some time to set up and update. After you are good to go to play some games like CS:GO and so on.

Shell[edit]

Question regarding config file of "fish" (shell)[edit]

In which config file would I define the path to a "bin" directory in my home (e.g. ~/bin/tldr)?

Eric Turgeon, [04.06.20 18:49] on telegram
actualy in ~/.config/fish/cofing.fish

Pino Cuccaro, [05.06.20 11:26] an telegram
I preferred not to change the system-wide config file /etc/login.conf

I solved my issue by creating this file
.config/fish/config.fish

an putting in this line:

set -g PATH /sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/games /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/home/<myuser>/bin

Then restarted the shell and it works.

Hardware / Kernel / Driver related[edit]

How to find out if my hardware is detected[edit]

Use the dmesg command or look into the file /var/run/dmesg.boot.

How can I find out if my hardware is supported[edit]

The first step should be: Look on both pages: Kernel and Modules first.
See also

FreeBSD 12.0-RELEASE Hardware Notes,
FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE Hardware Notes.
AMD GPU Support
Intel GPU
Graphics
on GitHub Vic Thacker on Telegram at 6.4.2020

Qualified Vendor List for RAM support[edit]

https://dlcdnets.asus.com/pub/ASUS/mb/SocketAM4/ROG_STRIX-X470-F-GAMING/Memory_QVL_3rd_Gen_AMD_Ryzen_Processors.pdf

Suggestion from Vic Thacker on 28.3.2020 at 6:34

How to get information about loaded modules into the kernel[edit]

You get some information with the command kldstat
The kldstat utility displays the status of any files dynamically linked into the kernel. More information on FreeBSD

How to get information about loadable kernel modules[edit]

Loadable kernel modules related to hardware, firmware, graphics driver. and virtual machines you will find in the directory of your system: /boot/modules/ and /boot/kernel/

All files end with .ko.

How to load kernel modules[edit]

Once the machine has booted, you may load a module with the command kldload, unload with kldunload and list with kldstat.
Modules can also be loaded from the loader before the kernel starts, automatically if you makes an entry in the /boot/loader.conf.
For example:
fuse_load="YES"
vboxdrv_load="YES"

GhostBSD does not support APM at the moment[edit]

Vic Thacker, [18.03.20 22:29] on Telegram [In reply to Gerard van Breemen] GhostBSD does not support APM at the moment.

       case ${SYSCTL_N} hw.machine_arch in
       i386)
               # Warn user about acpi apm compatibility support which
               # does not work with apmd.
               if [ ! -e /dev/apmctl ]; then
                       ewarn "/dev/apmctl not found; kernel is missing apm(4)"
               fi
               ;;
       *)
               return 1
               ;;
       esac

Radeon Mobility HD 4200: Invisible Mouse Cursor[edit]

Unread post by sweeney » Tue Feb 04, 2020 4:46 am GhostBSD Forum

"I have an interesting issue. When I boot into GhostBSD 20.01 on my old Toshiba Satelitte, BSD does detect and uses the AMD Radeon Mobility 4200HD chipset (RS880) sucessfully, but I have a missing mouse cursor. You are still able to click and move the cursor, but it rather difficult to use as you cannot see it current location. I installed GhostBSD using VESA mode and then installed the radeonkms driver using pkg. I have added kld_list="/boot/modules/radeonkms.ko" to rc.conf using sysrc but xorg does not use the driver. The driver seems loading as the console changes screen resolution but xorg does not recognise it. So currently I stuck at a lower screen resolution and without hardware acceleration. The FreeBSD forums do mention a similar issue but I cannot get xorg to use the radeonkms driver in order to try the workaround. Can I edit the live ISO to try the workaround and reinstall? https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/invi ... ter.70572/ https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_ ... ?id=237642

I managed to get it working.

I had to change the /etc/X11/xorg.conf from "VESA" to "radeon" under the Section "Device" and rebooted. Done!

As per the following post: https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.p ... 7958#p7958":

How to install driver to graphic card Park (Mobility Radeon HD 5430/5450/5470)[edit]

Post by sweeney » Tue Feb 04, 2020 5:31 am on GhostBSD Forum:

"I've got mine working! Make sure that have the drm-kmod package installed (of which you may already have). Run the following commands as root:

pkg install drm-kmod

This should make sure that drivers are installed. Being a Radeon Mobilty HD 7000 and earlier, we need to set to set the radeondms driver to load at startup:

sysrc kld_list="/boot/modules/radeonkms.ko"

Next edit the /etc/X11/xorg.conf so the "Device" section looks like this:

Section "Device"
Identifier "Card0"
Driver "radeon"
EndSection

Note: It is better to move or delete the /etc/X11/xorg.conf file and force xorg to auto-detect. Now reboot. If the driver is loading at startup, you will see the console output change screen resolution before xorg starts. Note the screen resolution will have not changed, but you should be able to go to System => Preferences => Hardware => Displays, and if xorg is using the right driver, you should be able to set the desired resolution. I hope this helps"

How to set mouse cursor if bit too sensitive and fast[edit]

mouse cursor - bit too senstive and fast even on lowest setting

How is the battery optimization for GhostBSD[edit]

Eric Turgeon, [21.02.20 11:50] [In reply to Jared] sudo rc-update add powerd default helps a lot.

drm-fbsd12.0-kmod[edit]

Very important: when I send the next @GhostBSD packages everyone that uses drm-fbsd12.0-kmod need to make a sudo pkg upgrade -f drm-fbsd12.0-kmod or pkg upgrade -f if not on reboot you will have a kernel panic at less for intell."
Source: Eric on Telegram 4.2.2020 15:23

How to install Nvidia drivers?[edit]

Look on the linked pages:

Hints for the use of Graphic Carts[edit]

On the GhostBSD Forum

I'm running Mate and I do not see a Bluetooth config widget[edit]

Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 03:59]
(16) Bluetooth on GhostBSD - GhostBSD Forums
http://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?t=970

Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 04:00]
It needs updating for openrc

Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 04:01]
rc-update add sdpd
rc-update add hcsecd

Etc

Test Results Webcam Useability on GhostBSD[edit]

Thank to our community member Fred Finster: Webcam Test with GhostBSD

How to Disable Your Lenovo Trackpad[edit]

FreeBSD: Disable Your Lenovo Trackpad

And for my webcam to work in the internet browser, how do I do it?[edit]

Firstly, weI would suggest installing webcamoid to confirm your camera works as expected.

sudo pkg install webcamoid

Then select, "Applications" -> "Sound & Video" -> "Webcamoid"

If webcamoid crashes, it is likely your webcam is not recognized.

You'll likely need to make the /boot/devices.hints writable, and then add additional entries to get your webcam recognized. It is similar to adding audio entries for apple laptops. Which entries you require depends on model.

Get tearfree video on Intel cards[edit]

Create the file 20-intel.conf in directory: /usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.config.d/

paste this in the file:

   Section "Device"
       Identifier     "Card0"
       Driver    "intel"
       Option    "DRI" "3"
       Option    "AccelMethod" "SNA"
       Option    "TearFree" "true"
   EndSection

In your /boot/loader.conf put the following:

   drm.i915.enable_rc6=7
   drm.i915.semaphores="1"
   drm.i915.enable_fbc="1"

And make sure you load kld_list="i915kms" in your /etc/rc.conf

For more information check out this link: https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/intel-video-and-screentearing.72085/

Network related[edit]

Wifi/WLAN[edit]

HowTo setup Wifi Edimax EW-7811utn USB Dongle for GhostBSD[edit]

HowTo setup Wifi Edimax EW-7811utn USB Dongle for GhostBSD

How to setup RealTek RTL8188CE Wii-Fi PCI network hardware[edit]

RealTek RTL8188CE Wii-Fi PCI network hardware setup

Some issues with WLAN/WiFi[edit]

Proposals from the community see on special page WLAN

Wireless Support[edit]

Handbook Chapter: 31.3. Wireless Networking

Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless network device, Bellkin FSD 8053 drivers[edit]

The run driver supports USB 2.0 wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2700U, RT2800U, RT3000U and RT3900E chipsets.

The RT2700U chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2770 MAC/BBP and an RT2720 (1T2R) or RT2750 (dual-band 1T2R) radio transceiver.

The RT2800U chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2870 MAC/BBP and an RT2820 (2T3R) or RT2850 (dual-band 2T3R) radio transceiver.

The RT3000U is a single-chip solution based on an RT3070 MAC/BBP and an RT3020 (1T1R), RT3021 (1T2R) or RT3022 (2T2R) single-band radio transceiver. The RT3900E is a single-chip USB 2.0 802.11n solution. The MAC/Baseband Processor can be an RT3593, RT5390, RT5392 or an RT5592. The radio can be an RT3053, RT5370, RT5372 or an RT5572. The RT3053 chip operates in the 2GHz and 5GHz spectra and supports up to 3 transmit paths and 3 receiver paths (3T3R). The RT5370 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports 1 transmit path and 1 receiver path (1T1R). The RT5372 chip operates in the 2GHz spectrum and supports up to 2 transmit paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R). The RT5572 chip operates in the 2GHz and 5GHz spectra and supports up to 2 transmit paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R).

Tip from Neville Goddard, [15.07.20 01:31] on Telegram

Additional sources for information[edit]

FreeBSD Wireless

Using USB Tethering on GhostBSD with Android[edit]

Tethering on FreeBSD
Hint from FastVoteFred
FreeBSD Handbook Chapter: 31.4. USB Tethering
Thanks for the hints from Wb7odyfred

Looking for Bluetooth support?[edit]

FreeBSD Handbook Chapter 31.5. Bluetooth[edit]

Bluetooth on GhostBSD[edit]

Explanations by NevilleGoddard on the GhostBSD Forum:

Security[edit]

is anyone know why pf firewall not started after restart? i already put "pf_enable="YES" to `/etc/rc.conf"[edit]

Vic Thacker, on Telegram [26.05.20 03:55] sudo rc-update add pf default sudo rc-service pf start

Files and file systems[edit]

Search for Files on GhostBSD[edit]

There is a very useful application called catfish that can be used to search your computer for files. Read more on the

GhostBSD Forum

Author: Neville Goddard

How to transfer files from Android to GhostBSD[edit]

Install
android-file-transfer

and you may have to install
mtp-libs

also. Connect your phone with USB and start android-file-transfer.

MTP[edit]

See our forum See android-file-transfer-qt5 forum post android-file-transfer-qt5 GUI app

Mount / unmount[edit]

How to mount Ext4 internal SSD[edit]

Mount Ext4 internal SSD

Show USB devices[edit]

Connect USB device
Open a terminal
Change to root
usbconfig list or usbconfig -d ugenX.Y dump_device_desc
Write: # gpart show
gpart will show you the device dax and the partition sx
gpart show or gpart show -lp or gpart status or geom disk list or camcontrol devlist
gpart show /dev/da0 or gpart show da0 or gpart show ada0

mount exFat[edit]

sudo pkg search exfat
sudo pkg install fusefs-exfat
pkg info fuesfs-exfat
sudo mount.exfat-fuse /dev/da0p1 /media/da0p1
FUSE exfat 1.3.0
mount
/dev/da0p2 on /media/da0p2 (msdosfs, local, noatime)
/dev/da0p1 on /media/da0p1 (fusefs)
ls -l /media/da0p1
umount /dev/da0p1 or umount /media/da0p1
ls -l /media

mount NTFS[edit]

Do first gpart show
Install: ntfs-3g
pkg search ntfs
pkg info fusefs-ntfs
pkg list fusefs-ntfs
pkg install fusefs-ntfs
Write: # ntfs-3g /dev/da5s1 /mnt
da5s1 is an example
/mnt is the mountpoint directory you wish to use
open Thunar and go to /mnt directory to view files mounted there from /dev/da5s1
Thunar shows you the content of your device and you can work with it
Caja does not always show you contents
ls -lh /mnt
mount
ls -lh /media
umount /mnt or unmount /dev/da5s1

Source: Tested by Slughorn
Thanks to:user hunghung

Addition from Alessandro “Sasha” Dimichino, [26.04.20 15:10] on Telegram: "I would specify if possible that the package to be installed to have the ntfs-3g command is fusefs-ntfs".

mount FAT32[edit]

System management[edit]

rc Shell[edit]

Command scripts for auto-reboot and daemon startup|br/> See: Man Page

pkg is locked by an other process[edit]

sudo killall -9 pkg && sudo pkg update -f && sudo pkg upgrade -y
Suggestion from #hd_scania on Telegram on 25.01.2020 at 11:10

System sticks during shutdown[edit]

If your system sticks during shutdown at: Saving dependencies cache

Do:
sudo rc-update delete savecache shutdown

That will remove save cache.
Tip from Eric

How to find multiple interface language packs on GhostBSD[edit]

Go to Profile

How to set OpenRC parallel service startup[edit]

Put in
/etc/rc.conf
rc_parallel="YES"
"But I don't think it works properly yet."
Source: Neville Goddard on Telegram on 16.02.2020 at 15:40

What to do if after reboot the sshd stops[edit]

With status: stopped

Neville Goddard, [12.03.20 00:09] on Telegram
[In reply to Ulf Danielsson]
To keep the service going after reboot run

rc-update add sshd

Where can I find OpenRC documented[edit]

See link above and the following:

More tips and tricks[edit]

on the GhostBSD Forum
FreeBSD Wiki
The FreeBSD Forums
If you look for something special, we recommend Howtos from FreeBSD

How to Report Issues[edit]

Eric Turgeon, [08.04.20 13:46] on Telegram

We moved our project management to GitHub and we will be using GitHub for bug and feature reports.

If you need to report a bug related to the ISO or installation report them at
ISO-Issues.
If you need to report a bug related to OS, kernel, drivers report them at
Kernel issues
If you need to report a bug related to software report them at
Software issues

If you need help or want to give feedback please visit
GhostBSD-Forum
or
on Telegram

Eric Turgeon, [08.04.20 13:47]

I think an new feature request should go at ghostbsd-build.

How to report a bug:
Vic Thacker, [28.04.20 08:21] on Telegram

Sign-up for a free github account: GitHub

Then go to issues

Add issue.
Add title.
Add description.
Add image.

Back to the Applications

@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 ==OS related==
+===What Version of GhostBSD Am I Running?===
+* Post by ericbsd » Mon Jun 01, 2020 7:44 pm on the GhostBSD Forum:<br/>
+This would be the best way to determine the os version in the future.<br/>
+I am looking to update the os version from:<br/>
+<code>sudo pkg info os-generic-userland | grep Version</code><br/>
+<code>Version        : 12.1.20200505062108,1</code><br/>
+To:<br/>
+<code>sudo pkg info os-generic-userland | grep Version</code><br/>
+<code>Version        : 20.05.05</code>
+===If you have a fresh GhostBSD 20.03 installation and cannot install packages===
+Try to remove /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/GhostBSD.conf
+<code> sudo rm /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos/GhostBSD.conf </code>
+Post on the forum by ericbsd » Fri Apr 24, 2020 8:53 am
 ===How to move from Trident to GhostBSD?===
 Here you will find a [https://github.com/maxsteciuk/TridentToGhostBSD/blob/master/README.md Step by step tutorial on GitHub].
+===Migrating ZFS from Linux to FreeBSD===
+https://www.unixsheikh.com/tutorials/migrating-zfs-from-linux-to-freebsd.html
 ===How to pack a FreeBSD installation image with custom content===
@@ Line 45: / Line 74: @@
 Eric Turgeon, [12.03.20 02:07] on Telegram
-* <code>os pkg upgrade</code>
+* <code>pkg upgrade -f</code>
-===For anyone wanting to play with a GhostBSD livecd without X===
-I have one at ftp://219.121.16.20/pub/GhostBSD/experimental/GhostBSD-2020-03-19-nox-experimental.iso
-It is not very useful at the moment, but may be of interest to some. It does not come with an installer yet.
-For network, run: dhcpcd
-It is read-writable, and packages can be added.
+===Is there a way to burn an .iso on GhostBSD to usb?===
-Tip from Vic Thacker on Telegram on 19.3.2020 at 6:38
+Eric Turgeon [10.09.20 03:51] on Telegram:
+* <code>sudo dd if=/usr/local/ghostbsd-build/iso/GhostBSD-20.09.06.iso of=/dev/da0 bs=4m</code>
 ===Some tips if you try to set up dualboot===
@@ Line 65: / Line 86: @@
 * Grub on linux does not see FreeBSD same for Grub on FreeBSD it does not see Linux.
-* The best thing I have comeup with is Refind, but it only work with efi.
+* The best thing I have come up with is Refind, but it only work with efi.
 * You can set up Grub to config file to add GhostBSD, but it is diferent on MBR, GPT, UEFI, legacy boot
 * If you google it for FreeBSD you will find the way you need to set it.
@@ Line 87: / Line 108: @@
 https://nsrc.org/workshops/2007/linuxchix-ke/po/recovery/recovery-exercise.pdf
+=== If you have a login prompt loop===
+If you type correct password the mate login screen loop
+after updating mate with pkg update.
+Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 11:50]
+Click on the circle in the login menu box to select another desktop. Then open a terminal and launch 'update-station' to update.
+=== If settings schema org.mate.interface is not installed===
+Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 11:59]<br/>
+<code>rc-service dhcpcd start</code>
+Vic Thacker, [30.06.20 12:00]<br/>
+<code>sudo pkg update -f</code><br/>
+<code>sudo pkg upgrade -yf</code>
 ----
 ==Desktop related==
+===How to change the localisation of the MATE desktop===
+If you have the MATE desktop in English, but wish to change for example to German, go to the file .profile and fill in the following lines:
+<code>CHARSET=UTF-8; export CHARSET<br/>
+LANG=de_DE.UTF-8; export LANG<br/>
+setxkbmap de</code>
 ===How to adjust lcd screen brightness? ===
@@ Line 141: / Line 187: @@
 https://www.thomas-krenn.com/en/wiki/Update_Intel_Microcode_on_FreeBSD<br/>
 I would suggest updating the system's bios, as well.
+===How to set the correct Timezone===
+Use on the CLI as root:<br/>
+<code>[https://www.unix.com/man-page/freebsd/8/tzsetup/ tzsetup]</code>
 ----
@@ Line 148: / Line 199: @@
 [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=1530 Look at this tutorial]
 ===Hints from the Community===
@@ Line 155: / Line 204: @@
 [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewforum.php?f=66 GhostBSD Forum]
+===More information from FreeBSD===
+[https://wiki.freebsd.org/Sound?highlight=%28%5CbCategoryProject%5Cb%29 FreeBSD Sound]
+===What do I have to do to play mp3 files in Rhythmbox?===
+look if you have something missing.
+<code>pkg info | grep gstreamer</code>
+ * gstreamer1-1.16.2              Media applications framework
+ * gstreamer1-libav-1.16.2        GStreamer plug-in with many audio/video decoders/encoders
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-1.16.2_1    GStreamer written collection of plugins handling several media types
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-a52dec-1.16.2 GStreamer ATSC A/52 stream aka AC-3 (dvd audio) plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-bad-1.16.2  GStreamer-plugins that need more quality, testing or documentation
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-cdparanoia-1.16.2 GStreamer CDDA extraction (aka audio ripping) plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-core-1.16   Core set of typical audio and video GStreamer plugins
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-dts-1.16.2  GStreamer dts audio decode plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-dvdread-1.16.2_1 GStreamer DVD access plugin with libdvdread
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-flac-1.16.2 GStreamer free lossless audio encoder/decoder plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-gl-1.16.2_1 GStreamer GL graphics plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-good-1.16.2 GStreamer-plugins good-quality plug-ins
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-jpeg-1.16.2 GStreamer jpeg encoder/decoder plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-lame-1.16.2 GStreamer High-quality free mp3 encode plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-mpg123-1.16.2 GStreamer MPEG Layer 1, 2, and 3 plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-neon-1.16.2 GStreamer neon http source plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-ogg-1.16.2  GStreamer Ogg bitstream plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-pango-1.16.2 GStreamer pango textoverlay plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-png-1.16.2  GStreamer png plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-resindvd-1.16.2_1 GStreamer resindvd DVD playback plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-soup-1.16.2 GStreamer soup based http input plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-theora-1.16.2 GStreamer theora plugin
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-ugly-1.16.2 GStreamer-plugins set of good-quality plug-ins that might have distribution problems
+ * gstreamer1-plugins-vorbis-1.16.2 GStreamer vorbis encoder/decoder plugin
+Also you can do <br/>
+<code>sudo pkg upgrade -f rhythmbox </code><br/>
+to see if it will fix it.
 ----
@@ Line 162: / Line 251: @@
 [[Guide to install VirtualBox on GhostBSD]]
-----
+===What’s the name for the VBox kmod?===
+<code>pkg list virtualbox-ose-kmod | grep \\.ko</code>
+ /boot/modules/vboxdrv.ko
+ /boot/modules/vboxguest.ko
+ /boot/modules/vboxnetadp.ko
+ /boot/modules/vboxnetflt.ko
+ /boot/modules/vboxvfs.ko
+vboxdrv.ko is the most important one
+----
 ==Software==
-sel
 ===How to find Software on GhostBSD===
 * Go to [[GhostBSD Wiki]] or [[Applications]]
@@ Line 174: / Line 276: @@
 * Go to [[Application Management]]
-===You have installed an application but no starter in your application list===
+===You have installed an application but no starter is in your application list===
 * To find the location of your application write the command <code>whereis foo</code>
 * Right click on your desktop, take application launcher editing, choose a name and select a command
 * Click on the icon symbol and choose that suits
 ===How to Run Orchestrator on Ghost/FreeBSD===
@@ Line 196: / Line 297: @@
 ===Like to change the display manager===
-<code>sudo rc-update delete lightdm</code><br/>
+Edit /etc/rc.conf. Put a # before the lightdm_enable="YES" line to disable lightdm.
-<code>sudo rc-update add gdm</code><br/>
+Then put this new line in: gdm_enable="YES"
-Tip from Eric on Telegram at 27.01.2020 17:09
 ===Migrate from Linux to GhostBSD and take your E-Mails and bookmarks with you===
@@ Line 205: / Line 305: @@
 This worked from Debian to GhostBSD. Tested by [[User:Slughorn|Slughorn]]
+=== Is there a way to block a program for accessing network/internet?===
+Vic Thacker, [24.05.20 15:14] on Telegram
+* Review the files in <code>/usr/share/examples/pf</code>
+* Copy <code>/usr/share/examples/pf/pf.conf</code> to <code>/etc/pf.conf</code>
+* Edit <code>/etc/pf.conf</code> to your liking
+* Add to <code>/etc/rc.conf</code>:   <code> pf_enable="YES"</code>
+* Add to <code>/etc/rc.conf</code>:    <code>pf_rules="/etc/pf.conf"</code>
+<code>sudo rc-service add pf</code> <br/>
+<code>sudo rc-service pf start</code>
+====If i want only a specific program to block access internet====
+Vic Thacker on Telegram [24.05.20 16:02]
+* use sudo with -g switch
+===GhostBSD has any utility to mount iso image in mate or kde, kind of fusefsiso?===
+Vic Thacker  on Telegram [25.05.20 02:08]<br/>
+https://www.jan0sch.de/post/mounting-iso-images-under-freebsd/
+====Is dsbmd a good tool to try?====
+Vic Thacker on Telegram  [25.05.20 02:28]<br/>
+Yes, and it is available. pkg search dsbmd
 ----
+==[[Games]]==
+=== Installing and Setting up Linux Steam on GhostBSD ===
+Use Software Station or pkg command to install linux-steam-utils.
+for package:
+<code>sudo pkg install linux-steam-utils</code>
+If you are using an Nvidia GPU, install the '''linux-nvidia-libs''' for the driver you use.
+Create a new user account with adduser dedicated for gaming. Do not add it to the wheel group for security reasons.
+<pre>
+steam-install
+Please, consider setting up a dedicated OS user account for Steam.
+Otherwise, each and every Steam game will have unrestricted access to your files.
+If you really couldn't care less, you can suppress this message with
+--allow-stealing-my-passwords,-browser-history-and-ssh-keys flag.
+</pre>
+Make sure all those lines are in /etc/fstab and reboot:
+<pre>procfs      /proc      procfs    rw    0  0
+linprocfs    /compat/linux/proc  linprocfs  rw    0  0
+tmpfs /compat/linux/dev/shm tmpfs rw,mode=1777 0 0
+linsysfs    /compat/linux/sys   linsysfs rw  0 0
+fdesc        /dev/fd            fdescfs  rw  0 0</pre>
+After rebooting login to your new user open a terminal and run <code>steam-install</code> and <code>steam</code>. Steam will take some time to set up and update. After you are good to go to play some games like CS:GO and so on.
+==[[Shell]]==
+===Question regarding config file of "fish" (shell)===
+In which config file would I define the path to a "bin" directory in my home (e.g. ~/bin/tldr)?<br/>
+Eric Turgeon, [04.06.20 18:49] on telegram<br/>
+actualy in <code> ~/.config/fish/cofing.fish</code>
+Pino Cuccaro, [05.06.20 11:26] an telegram<br/>
+I preferred not to change the system-wide config file /etc/login.conf
+I  solved my issue by creating this file <br/>
+<code>.config/fish/config.fish</code>
+an putting in this line:
+<code>set -g PATH /sbin /bin /usr/sbin /usr/bin /usr/games /usr/local/sbin /usr/local/bin /usr/home/<myuser>/bin</code><br/>
+Then restarted the shell and it works.<br/>
 ==Hardware / Kernel / Driver related==
@@ Line 336: / Line 514: @@
 On the [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewforum.php?f=65 GhostBSD Forum]
+===I'm running Mate and I do not see a Bluetooth config widget===
+Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 03:59]<br/>
+(16) Bluetooth on GhostBSD - GhostBSD Forums<br/>
+http://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?t=970
+Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 04:00]<br/>
+It needs updating for openrc<br/>
+Neville Goddard, [25.05.20 04:01]<br/>
+<code>rc-update add sdpd</code><br/>
+<code>rc-update add hcsecd</code><br/>
+Etc
+===Test Results Webcam Useability on GhostBSD===
+Thank to our community member Fred Finster: [https://webcamtests.com/reviews/14769 Webcam Test with GhostBSD]
+===How to Disable Your Lenovo Trackpad===
+[https://ben-rowan.github.io/post/disable_lenovo_trackpad/ FreeBSD: Disable Your Lenovo Trackpad]
+===And for my webcam to work in the internet browser, how do I do it?===
+Firstly, weI would suggest installing webcamoid to confirm your camera works as expected.
+<code>sudo pkg install webcamoid</code>
+Then select,  "Applications" -> "Sound & Video" -> "Webcamoid"
+If webcamoid crashes, it is likely your webcam is not recognized.
+You'll likely need to make the ''/boot/devices.hints'' writable, and then add additional entries to get your webcam recognized. It is similar to adding audio entries for apple laptops. Which entries you require depends on model.
 ----
+===Get tearfree video on Intel cards===
+Create the file '''20-intel.conf''' in directory:
+'''/usr/local/etc/X11/xorg.config.d/'''
+paste this in the file:
+    Section "Device"
+        Identifier     "Card0"
+        Driver    "intel"
+        Option    "DRI" "3"
+        Option    "AccelMethod" "SNA"
+        Option    "TearFree" "true"
+    EndSection
+In your '''/boot/loader.conf''' put the following:
+    drm.i915.enable_rc6=7
+    drm.i915.semaphores="1"
+    drm.i915.enable_fbc="1"
+And make sure you load <code>kld_list="i915kms"</code>
+in your '''/etc/rc.conf'''
+For more information check out this link:
+https://forums.freebsd.org/threads/intel-video-and-screentearing.72085/
+----
 ==Network related==
-===HowTo setup Wifi Edimax EW-7811utn USB Dongle for GhostBSD===
+===Wifi/WLAN===
+====HowTo setup Wifi Edimax EW-7811utn USB Dongle for GhostBSD====
 [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=64&t=526 HowTo setup Wifi Edimax EW-7811utn USB Dongle for GhostBSD]
-===How to setup RealTek RTL8188CE Wii-Fi PCI network hardware===
+====How to setup RealTek RTL8188CE Wii-Fi PCI network hardware====
 [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?t=570 RealTek RTL8188CE Wii-Fi PCI network hardware setup]
-===Some issues with WLAN/WiFi===
+====Some issues with WLAN/WiFi====
 Proposals from the community see on special page [[WLAN]]
+====Wireless Support====
+[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-wireless.html Handbook Chapter: 31.3. Wireless Networking]
+==== Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/g/n wireless network device, Bellkin FSD 8053 drivers====
+The [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?run(4) run] driver supports USB 2.0 wireless adapters based on	the Ralink     RT2700U, RT2800U, RT3000U and RT3900E chipsets.
+The RT2700U chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2770 MAC/BBP     and an RT2720 (1T2R) or RT2750 (dual-band 1T2R) radio transceiver.
+The RT2800U chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2870 MAC/BBP     and an RT2820 (2T3R) or RT2850 (dual-band 2T3R) radio transceiver.
+The RT3000U is a single-chip solution based on an RT3070 MAC/BBP and an     RT3020 (1T1R), RT3021 (1T2R) or RT3022 (2T2R) single-band radio transceiver.
+The RT3900E is a single-chip USB 2.0 802.11n solution.  The MAC/Baseband     Processor can be an RT3593, RT5390, RT5392	or an RT5592.  The radio can     be	an RT3053, RT5370, RT5372 or an	RT5572.	 The RT3053 chip operates in     the 2GHz and 5GHz spectra and supports up to 3 transmit paths and 3 receiver paths (3T3R).  The RT5370 chip operates in the 2GHz	spectrum and     supports 1	transmit path and 1 receiver path (1T1R).  The RT5372 chip operates in the 2GHz	spectrum and supports up to 2 transmit paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R).  The RT5572 chip operates in the 2GHz	and 5GHz spectra and supports up to 2 transmit paths and 2 receiver paths (2T2R).
+Tip from Neville Goddard, [15.07.20 01:31] on Telegram
+====Additional sources for information====
+[https://wiki.freebsd.org/WiFi?highlight=%28%5CbCategoryProject%5Cb%29 FreeBSD Wireless]
 ===Using USB Tethering on GhostBSD with Android===
@@ Line 360: / Line 626: @@
 * Thanks for the hints from [[User:Wb7odyfred|Wb7odyfred]]
-===Wireless Support===
-[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-wireless.html Handbook Chapter: 31.3. Wireless Networking]
 ===Looking for Bluetooth support?===
-[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-bluetooth.html Handbook Chapter 31.5. Bluetooth]
+====[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/network-bluetooth.html FreeBSD Handbook Chapter 31.5. Bluetooth]====
+====Bluetooth on GhostBSD====
+Explanations by NevilleGoddard on the GhostBSD Forum:
+* [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?t=970 Bluetooth on GhostBSD]
+* [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=1676 Bluetooth Quick Start Guide on GhostBSD]
+----
+==Security==
+===is anyone know why pf firewall not started after restart? i already put "pf_enable="YES" to `/etc/rc.conf"===
+Vic Thacker, on Telegram [26.05.20 03:55]
+<code>sudo rc-update add pf default</code>
+<code>sudo rc-service pf start</code>
 ----
@@ Line 373: / Line 652: @@
 ===Search for Files on GhostBSD===
 There is a very useful application called catfish that can be used to search your computer for files.
-Read more on the [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=76&t=741 GhostBSD Forum].
+Read more on the
+* [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=76&t=741 GhostBSD Forum]
 Author:  Neville Goddard
-----
+===How to transfer files from Android to GhostBSD===
+Install <br/>
+<code>android-file-transfer </code>
+and you may have to install <br/>
+<code>mtp-libs</code>
+also. Connect your phone with USB and start android-file-transfer.
+===MTP===
+See [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=63&t=498&p=2229&hilit=android#p2229 our forum]
+See android-file-transfer-qt5 forum post  [https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?p=8951#p8951 android-file-transfer-qt5 GUI app]
+----
 ==Mount / unmount==
@@ Line 388: / Line 682: @@
 * Open a terminal
 * Change to root
+* usbconfig list     or   usbconfig -d ugenX.Y dump_device_desc
 * Write: [https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=gpart&sektion=8&apropos=0&manpath=FreeBSD+12.1-RELEASE+and+Ports <nowiki># gpart show</nowiki>]
 * gpart will show you the device da'''x''' and the partition s'''x'''
+* gpart show   or   gpart show -lp   or  gpart status  or  geom disk list or camcontrol devlist
+* gpart show /dev/da0   or  gpart show da0 or gpart show ada0
+===mount exFat===
+* sudo pkg search exfat
+* sudo pkg install fusefs-exfat
+* pkg info  fuesfs-exfat
+* sudo mount.exfat-fuse /dev/da0p1 /media/da0p1
+* FUSE exfat 1.3.0
+* mount
+* /dev/da0p2 on /media/da0p2 (msdosfs, local, noatime)
+* /dev/da0p1 on /media/da0p1 (fusefs)
+* ls -l /media/da0p1
+* umount /dev/da0p1   or umount /media/da0p1
+* ls -l /media
 ===mount NTFS===
@@ Line 395: / Line 706: @@
 * Do first <code>gpart show</code>
 * Install: '''ntfs-3g'''
+* pkg search ntfs
+* pkg info fusefs-ntfs
+* pkg list fusefs-ntfs
+* pkg install fusefs-ntfs
 * Write: <code># ntfs-3g /dev/da5s1 /mnt</code>
 * da5s1 is an example
-* /mnt is the mountpoint you wish
+* /mnt is the mountpoint directory you wish to use
-* open Thunar and go to /mnt
+* open Thunar and go to /mnt directory to view files mounted there from /dev/da5s1
 * Thunar shows you the content of your device and you can work with it
-* Caja does not allways
+* Caja does not always show you contents
+* ls -lh /mnt
+* mount
+* ls -lh /media
+* umount /mnt or unmount /dev/da5s1
 Source: Tested by [[User:Slughorn|Slughorn]]<br/>
 Thanks to:[https://forums.ghostbsd.org/viewtopic.php?f=91&t=1532 user hunghung]
+* Addition from Alessandro “Sasha” Dimichino, [26.04.20 15:10] on Telegram: "I would specify if possible that the package to be installed to have the '''ntfs-3g''' command is '''fusefs-ntfs'''".
 ===mount FAT32===
@@ Line 417: / Line 738: @@
 ----
 ==[[System]] management==