/usr/local/sbin/

Welcome to /usr/local/sbin/.

System Administration Utilities
/bin/ Tools and applications	/sbin/ System Administration Utilities
/usr/bin/ Tools and applications	/usr/sbin/ System tools
/usr/local/bin/ Tools and applications	/usr/local/sbin/ System tools
Back to the System

Introduction

Here you will find a lot of small applications, you don't find on your desktop task bar. No starter is there but on your computer. You can use them only on the cli. All commands are connected to the man pages. So you can read how to use them.

Content

Content of /usr/local/sbin/

Utility	Description
accept	The cupsaccept command instructs the printing system to accept print jobs to the specified destinations.
addgnupghome	addgnupghome - Create .gnupg home directories; If GnuPG is installed on a system with existing user accounts, it is sometimes required to populate the GnuPG home directory with existing files. Especially a `trustlist.txt' and a keybox with some initial certificates are often desired. This scripts help to do this by copying all files from `/etc/skel/.gnupg' to the home directories of the accounts given on the command line. It takes care not to overwrite existing GnuPG home directories.
applygnupgdefaults	applygnupgdefaults - Run gpgconf --apply-defaults for all users.
avahi-daemon	The Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD daemon implements Apple's Zeroconf architecture (also known as "Rendezvous" or "Bonjour"). The daemon registers local IP addresses and static services using mDNS/DNS-SD and provides two IPC APIs for local programs to make use of the mDNS record cache the avahi-daemon maintains. First there is the so called "simple protocol" which is used exclusively by avahi-dnsconfd (a daemon which configures unicast DNS servers using server info published via mDNS) and nss-mdns (a libc NSS plugin, providing name resolution via mDNS). Finally there is the D-Bus interface which provides a rich object oriented interface to D-Bus enabled applications.
avahi-dnsconfd	avahi-dnsconfd connects to a running avahi-daemon and runs the script /home/lennart/tmp/avahi/usr/local/etc/avahi/dnsconfd.action for each unicast DNS server that is announced on the local LAN. This is useful for configuring unicast DNS servers in a DHCP-like fashion with mDNS.
badblocks	badblocks is used to search for bad blocks on a device (usually a disk partition). device is the special file corresponding to the device (e.g /dev/hdc1).
biosdecode	biosdecode parses the BIOS memory and prints information about all structures (or entry points) it knows of.
blkid	blkid - command-line utility to locate/print block device attributes
bonobo-activation-sysconf	This is a component and compound document system for GNOME-2
ck-log-system-restart
ck-log-system-start
ck-log-system-stop
console-kit-daemon	ConsoleKit manages console logins in graphical mode
cracklib-check	CrackLib is a library containing a C function which may be used in a passwd(1)-like program. The idea is simple: try to prevent users from choosing passwords that could be guessed by Crack by filtering them out, at source.
cracklib-format	CrackLib is a library containing a C function which may be used in a passwd(1)-like program. The idea is simple: try to prevent users from choosing passwords that could be guessed by Crack by filtering them out, at source.
cracklib-packer	CrackLib is a library containing a C function which may be used in a passwd(1)-like program. The idea is simple: try to prevent users from choosing passwords that could be guessed by Crack by filtering them out, at source.
cracklib-unpacker	CrackLib is a library containing a C function which may be used in a passwd(1)-like program. The idea is simple: try to prevent users from choosing passwords that could be guessed by Crack by filtering them out, at source.
create-cracklib-dict	CrackLib is a library containing a C function which may be used in a passwd(1)-like program. The idea is simple: try to prevent users from choosing passwords that could be guessed by Crack by filtering them out, at source.
cups-browsed	cups-browsed - A daemon for browsing the Bonjour broadcasts of shared, remote CUPS printers
cups-genppd.5.3	cups-genppd - generate Gutenprint PPD files for use with CUPS
cups-genppdupdate	cups-genppdupdate regenerates the Gutenprint PPD files in use by CUPS, using the PPD files under /usr/local/share/cups/model/gutenprint as templates.
cupsaccept	The cupsaccept command instructs the printing system to accept print jobs to the specified destinations.
cupsaddsmb	The cupsaddsmb program exports printers to the SAMBA software (version 2.2.0 or higher) for use with Windows clients. Depending on the SAMBA configuration, you may need to provide a password to export the printers. This program requires the Windows printer driver files.
cupsctl	cupsctl updates or queries the cupsd.conf file for a server. When no changes are requested, the current configuration values are written to the standard output in the format "name=value", one per line.
cupsd	cupsd is the scheduler for CUPS. It implements a printing system based upon the Internet Printing Protocol, version 2.1, and supports most of the requirements for IPP Everywhere. If no options are specified on the command-line then the default configuration file /usr/local/etc/cups/cupsd.conf will be used.
cupsdisable	cupsdisable, cupsenable - stop/start printers and classes, cupsenable starts the named printers or classes while cupsdisable stops the named printers or classes.
cupsenable	cupsdisable, cupsenable - stop/start printers and classes, cupsenable starts the named printers or classes while cupsdisable stops the named printers or classes.
cupsfilter	cupsfilter is a front-end to the CUPS filter subsystem which allows you to convert a file to a specific format, just as if you had printed the file through CUPS. By default, cupsfilter generates a PDF file. The converted file is sent to the standard output.
cupsreject	The cupsaccept command instructs the printing system to accept print jobs to the specified destinations. The cupsreject command instructs the printing system to reject print jobs to the specified destinations. The -r option sets the reason for rejecting print jobs. If not specified, the reason defaults to "Reason Unknown".
debugfs	debugfs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system debugger
dmidecode	dmidecode is a tool for dumping a computer's DMI (some say SMBIOS) table contents in a human-readable format. This table contains a description of the system's hardware components, as well as other useful pieces of information such as serial numbers and BIOS revision. Thanks to this table, you can retrieve this information without having to probe for the actual hardware. While this is a good point in terms of report speed and safeness, this also makes the presented information possibly unreliable.
dumpe2fs	dumpe2fs - dump ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem information
e2freefrag	e2freefrag is used to report free space fragmentation on ext2/3/4 file systems. filesys is the filesystem device name (e.g. /dev/hdc1, /dev/md0). The e2freefrag program will scan the block bitmap information to check how many free blocks are present as contiguous and aligned free space. The percentage of contiguous free blocks of size and of alignment chunk_kb is reported. It also displays the minimum/maximum/average free chunk size in the filesystem, along with a histogram of all free chunks. This information can be used to gauge the level of free space fragmentation in the filesystem.
e2fsck	e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems. For ext3 and ext4 filesystems that use a journal, if the system has been shut down uncleanly without any errors, normally, after replaying the committed transactions in the journal, the file system should be marked as clean. Hence, for filesystems that use journalling, e2fsck will normally replay the journal and exit, unless its superblock indicates that further checking is required.
e2image	The e2image program will save critical ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem metadata located on device to a file specified by image-file. The image file may be examined by dumpe2fs and debugfs, by using the -i option to those programs. This can assist an expert in recovering catastrophically corrupted filesystems. In the future, e2fsck will be enhanced to be able to use the image file to help recover a badly damaged filesystem.
e2label	e2label - Change the label on an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem
e2mmpstatus	e2mmpstatus - Check MMP status of an ext4 filesystem
e2undo	e2undo will replay the undo log undo_log for an ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystem found on device. This can be used to undo a failed operation by an e2fsprogs program.
escapesrc
eventlogadm	eventlogadm - push records into the Samba event log store
findfs	findfs will search the disks in the system looking for a filesystem which has a label matching label or a UUID equal to uuid. If the filesystem is found, the device name for the filesystem will be printed on stdout.
foomatic-addpjloptions	foomatic-addpjloptions formats the PJL information file (or STDIN) into a format usable by the Foomatic database.
foomatic-cleanupdrivers
foomatic-extract-text
foomatic-fix-xml
foomatic-getpjloptions	foomatic-getpjloptions Sends a set of PJL commands and reads back the PJL options and status from a printer over a network connection or device bidirectional interface such as parallel, USB, serial. printers to standard output. The output can be piped into foomatic-addpjloptions to add options to the database.
foomatic-kitload	foomatic-kitload installs a foomatic data kit into the local data library. It takes a -k dirname option, where dirname is the toplevel directory of a foomatic driver "kit". A "kit" is a selection of XML source files arranged exactly as in the source/section of the master database (ie, opt/driver/printer/ subdirs).
foomatic-nonumericalids
foomatic-preferred-driver	foomatic-preferred-driver
foomatic-printermap-to-gutenprint-xml
foomatic-replaceoldprinterids
fsck.ext2	e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems.
fsck.ext3	e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems.
fsck.ext4	e2fsck is used to check the ext2/ext3/ext4 family of file systems.
fsck_ext2fs	fsck_ext2fs maps the traditional FreeBSD fsck_ffs options to options with the same functionality for e2fsck, runs e2fsck and then maps its exit status to values that FreeBSD understands. e2fsck is a utility to check and repair ext2 and ext3 file systems.
genccode	genccode reads each of the supplied filename and writes out a C file containing a compilable definition of the data in the data file. The C file name is made by taking the base name of the data filename, replacing dots by underscores, and adding a .c file extension.
gencmn	gencmn takes a set of files and packages them as an ICU memory-mappable data file. The resulting data file can then be used directly by ICU.
gennorm2
gensprep	gensprep reads filtered RFC 3454 files and compiles their information into a binary form. The resulting file, <name>.icu, can then be read directly by ICU, or used by pkgdata(8) for incorporation into a larger archive or library.
gpart	The gpart program is a simplified interface to gmap, which performs graph partitioning instead of static mapping.
hald	hald is a daemon that maintains a database of the devices connected to the system system in real-time. The daemon connects to the D-Bus system message bus to provide an API that applications can use to discover, monitor and invoke operations on devices.
icupkg	icupkg reads the input ICU .dat package file, modify it according to the options, swap it to the desired platform properties (charset & endianness), and optionally write the resulting ICU .dat package to the output file. Items are removed, then added, then extracted and listed.
lightdm	lightdm - a display manager
logsave	The logsave program will execute cmd_prog with the specified argument(s), and save a copy of its output to logfile.
lpadmin	lpadmin configures printer and class queues provided by CUPS. It can also be used to set the server default printer or class.
lpc	The lpc utility is used by the system administrator to control the operation of the line printer system.
lpinfo	lpinfo lists the available devices or drivers known to the CUPS server. The first form (-m) lists the available drivers, while the second form (-v) lists the available devices.
lpmove	lpmove - move a job or all jobs to a new destination
mate-display-properties-install-systemwide	This executable is part of the package 'mate-control-center': The MATE Control Center. This command line tool installs a RANDR profile for multi-monitor setups into a systemwide location. The resulting profile will get used when the RANDR plug-in gets run in mate-settings-daemon.
mate-power-backlight-helper
mke2fs	mke2fs is used to create an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem, usually in a disk partition (or file) named by device.
mkfs.ext2	mke2fs is used to create an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem, usually in a disk partition (or file) named by device.
mkfs.ext3	mke2fs is used to create an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem, usually in a disk partition (or file) named by device.
mkfs.ext4	mke2fs is used to create an ext2, ext3, or ext4 filesystem, usually in a disk partition (or file) named by device.
mklost+found
mkntfs	mkntfs is used to create an NTFS file system on a device (usually a disk partition) or file. device is the special file corresponding to the device (e.g /dev/hdXX). number-of-sectors is the number of sectors on the device. If omitted, mkntfs automagically figures the file system size.
nmbd	nmbd - NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS over IP naming services to clients
ntfsclone	ntfsclone will efficiently clone (copy, save, backup, restore) or rescue an NTFS filesystem to a sparse file, image, device (partition) or standard output. It works at disk sector level and copies only the used data.
ntfscp	ntfscp will copy file to an NTFS volume.
ntfslabel	ntfslabel will display or change the file system label on the ntfs file system located on device. It can also change the serial number of the device.
ntfsrecover	ntfsrecover applies to the metadata the updates which were requested on Windows but could not be completed because they were interrupted by some event such as a power failure, a hardware crash, a software crash or the device being unplugged.
ntfsresize	The ntfsresize program safely resizes Windows XP, Windows Server 2003, Windows 2000, Windows NT4 and Longhorn NTFS filesystems without data loss. All NTFS versions are supported, used by 32-bit and 64-bit Windows.
ntfsundelete	ntfsundelete - recover a deleted file from an NTFS volume.
ownership	ownership retrieves and prints the "ownership tag" that can be set on Compaq computers. Contrary to all other programs of the dmidecode package, ownership doesn't print any version information, nor labels, but only the raw ownership tag. This should help its integration in scripts.
paperconfig	paperconfig - configure the system default paper size
pc-sysinstall	The pc-sysinstall utility is a hybrid backend for installing FreeBSD. When run in install mode it takes a configuration file and performs an installation according to the parameters specified in the configuration file. When called with one of the system query commands it provides in formation about the system to aid a front end in building an appropriate configuration file.
pkg	pkg provides an interface for manipulating packages: registering, adding, removing and upgrading packages. pkg-static is a statically linked variant of pkg typically only used for the initial installation of pkg.
pkg-static	pkg provides an interface for manipulating packages: registering, adding, removing and upgrading packages. pkg-static is a statically linked variant of pkg typically only used for the initial installation of pkg.
pluginviewer	pluginviewer can be used by a server administrator to troubleshoot SASL installations. The utility can list loadable (properly configured) client and server side plugins, as well as auxprop plugins.
reject	cupsaccept/cupsreject - accept/reject jobs sent to a destination
resize2fs	resize2fs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer
rrsync
samba	samba - Server to provide AD and SMB/CIFS services to clients
samba_dnsupdate
samba_kcc
samba_spnupdate
samba_upgradedns
samba-gpupdate
saned	saned is the SANE (Scanner Access Now Easy) daemon that allows remote clients to access image acquisition devices available on the local host.
sasldblistusers2	sasldblistusers2 is used to list the users in the SASL password database (usually /etc/sasldb2). This will NOT list all the users in /etc/passwd, shadow, PAM, etc. only those created by SASL (via saslpasswd2).
saslpasswd2	saslpasswd2 is used by a server administrator to set a user's sasl password for server programs and SASL mechanisms which use the standard libsasl database of user secrets.
slick-greeter
smbd	smbd is the server daemon that provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients. The server provides filespace and printer services to clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol.
snmpd	snmpd is an SNMP agent which binds to a port and awaits requests from SNMP management software. Upon receiving a request, it processes the request(s), collects the requested information and/or performs the requested operation(s) and returns the information to the sender.
snmptrapd	snmptrapd is an SNMP application that receives and logs SNMP TRAP and INFORM messages.
start-stop-daemon	start-stop-daemon is used to control the creation and termination of system-level processes. Using one of the matching options, start-stop-daemon can be configured to find existing instances of a running process.
tcsd	tcsd - daemon that manages Trusted Computing resources; Trousers is an open-source TCG Software Stack (TSS), released under the BSD License. Trousers aims to be compliant with the current (1.1b) and upcoming (1.2) TSS specifications available from the Trusted Computing Group website: http://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org.
tcsd_emu
tune2fs	tune2fs - adjust tunable filesystem parameters on ext2/ext3/ext4 filesystems
uuidd	The uuidd daemon is used by the UUID library to generate universally unique identifiers (UUIDs), especially time-based UUID's in a secure and guaranteed-unique fashion, even in the face of large numbers of threads trying to grab UUID's running on different CPU's.
visudo	visudo edits the sudoers file in a safe fashion, analogous to vipw(8). visudo locks the sudoers file against multiple simultaneous edits, provides basic sanity checks, and checks for parse errors. If the sudoers file is currently being edited you will receive a message to try again later.
vpddecode	vpddecode prints the "vital product data" information that can be found in almost all IBM and Lenovo computers.
webcamd	webcamd is a daemon that enables the use of hundreds of different USB webcam, USB DVB, USB radio, USB input, USB tablet and more devices under the FreeBSD operating system.
winbindd	winbindd - Name Service Switch daemon for resolving names from NT servers
xfce4-kiosk-query